{"id":12003,"date":"2022-06-07T13:25:55","date_gmt":"2022-06-07T17:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/"},"modified":"2024-06-13T19:51:51","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T23:51:51","slug":"chuyen-doi-quyen-luc-cach-moi-nguoi-co-the-tiep-nhan-bao-cao-cua-nra","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/vi\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c: M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a NRA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o"},"template":"","class_list":["post-12003","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry","resource_type-report"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"Fixing our gun violence problem will require fixing our democracy \u2014 but together, ordinary people can take on the gun lobby and win.","featured_image":"","resource_type":150,"authors":"","related_issues":[2082,137],"related_work":false,"location":46},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":"","name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h3><strong>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u2014 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng nhau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.<\/strong><\/h3>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<ul>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s influence and political success is more than its campaign spending \u2013 it has built a sophisticated organizing operation with a grassroots base. In 2015 it paid more than <strong>$20 million<\/strong> to a single vendor that focuses on building the NRA\u2019s membership.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s policy positions do not match some of the core policy preferences of its members. Surveys show that about three-in-four NRA members support universal criminal background checks for all gun sales \u2013 a policy that the NRA vehemently opposes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The gun industry relies on the NRA\u2019s lobbying power as a de facto trade association. Although no definitive number exists, independent estimates show that corporate partners of the NRA have contributed between <strong>$19.3 million<\/strong> and <strong>$60.2 million<\/strong> to the organization, with one firearms retailer declaring that it has contributed at least <strong>$15 million<\/strong> to the NRA\u2019s Institute for Legislative Action.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s employees and PAC have contributed about <strong>$23 million<\/strong> directly to federal candidates and parties since 1989, and about <strong>$17 million<\/strong> to state candidates and committees since 1990. Interests favoring tighter gun laws have only contributed about <strong>$4.3 million<\/strong> to federal candidates and parties. <em>(Common Cause analysis of campaign finance and lobbying data relied in part upon tools and analysis made available by the Center for Responsive Politics and the National Institute on Money in State Politics. )<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>But direct campaign contributions are only a drop in the NRA\u2019s bucket compared to its independent spending in recent years. Empowered by the Supreme Court\u2019s decision in Citizens United, the NRA reported spending at least <strong>$54 million on independent expenditures during the 2016 federal election cycle.<\/strong> Other estimates put the number closer to <strong>$70 million<\/strong> \u2013 accounting for spending on certain field and internet operations that is not reported on FEC reports. Its reported 2016 election spending was nearly double the <strong>$27 million<\/strong> it spent during the 2014 midterms and more than double the <strong>$19 million<\/strong> it spent during the 2012 presidential election.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>About <strong>$34 million<\/strong> of the <strong>$54 million<\/strong> it spent on independent expenditures in federal elections in 2016 \u2013 <strong>more than 60% of that spending<\/strong> \u2013 flowed through the NRA\u2019s <strong>Institute for Legislative Action<\/strong>, an arm of the NRA that is not required to disclose its donors.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA also lobbies extensively to pursue its agenda \u2013 in recent years it has increased its federal lobbying spending dramatically, from <strong>$1,815,000<\/strong> in 2007 to <strong>$5,122,000<\/strong> in 2017. In addition to its gun-related legislation, the NRA has lobbied against efforts to shine a light on secret spending in politics, including the DISCLOSE Act. The NRA also uses the American Legislative Exchange Council [ALEC] to push its pro-gun laws at the state level<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Although this report does not recommend specific policies to reduce gun violence, it proposes solutions to boost the political power of Americans of every political persuasion, including the overwhelming number of people who support changes to our gun laws to save lives. Solutions include making voting more fair and accessible, including <strong>automatic voter registration, pre-registration for 16- and 17-year olds, and early voting; changing the way we pay for political campaigns to empower all Americans, not just the wealthy few; shining a light on secret spending in politics; <\/strong>and<strong> ending gerrymandering.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"After a lone gunman killed 14 students and three faculty members and wounded more than a dozen others at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, FL, on Valentine\u2019s Day, young survivors of the massacre resolved to tackle the formidable power of the gun lobby across America.\r\n\r\nIn just a few weeks, the Parkland students have captured the nation\u2019s imagination and brought new energy into the long running efforts to regulate gun ownership. They\u2019ve pushed the Florida legislature and Gov. Rick Scott to tighten the state\u2019s gun laws, faced down the president at the White House, and led their fellow students at thousands of high schools across the country in a dramatic, peaceful walkout to demand stronger laws to protect their lives. Now they\u2019re planning a mammoth \u201cMarch for Our Lives\u201d down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, with sibling marches in cities and towns throughout the country and around the globe to demand that lives and safety \u201cbecome a priority and that we end gun violence and mass shootings in our schools today.\u201d\r\n\r\nGun violence is now a leading cause of death in the United States. Every year on average, more than 35,000 people die from gun violence, and another 81,000 survive after being shot, according to the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. <a id=\"return-note-24-1\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Brady nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, http:\/\/www.bradycampaign.org\/key-gun-violence-statistics (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-1\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a> B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da m\u00e0u; \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng da \u0111en c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u1eafn v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang cao g\u1ea5p 13 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng da tr\u1eafng <a id=\"return-note-24-2\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, Everytown for Gun Safety, https:\/\/everytownresearch.org\/gun-violence-by-the-numbers\/ (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-2\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a> v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em da \u0111en ch\u1ebft v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em da tr\u1eafng, theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. <a id=\"return-note-24-3\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Emily Weyrauch, \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em da \u0111en c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eed vong v\u00ec s\u00fang cao h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb em da tr\u1eafng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n\u201d, Time, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/time.com\/4823524\/gun-violence-black-children-study\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-3\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThe death tolls from single-day mass shootings continue to reach new records. Last year, 58 concertgoers died and another 500 were injured at a country music festival in Las Vegas. The year before, 49 people were shot to death and another 50 injured at an Orlando LGBTQ nightclub. Those mass shootings surpassed the death tolls of the Virginia Tech massacre, which left 32 college students and professors dead in 2007, and the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, in which 20 children \u2013 ages six and seven \u2013 and six teachers were murdered in what President Obama called the single worst day of his presidency.\r\n\r\nVarious policies to tighten gun laws enjoy wide support. According to a February 2018 poll by Quinnipiac University, \u201csupport for universal background checks, a mandatory waiting period for firearm purchases, and an assault weapon ban came in at 97%, 83%, and 67% respectively.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-4\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Jamie Ducharme, \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt s\u00fang nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u0103m d\u00f2\u201d, Time, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, http:\/\/time.com\/5167216\/americans-gun-control-support-poll-2018\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-4\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nIf our political system worked as intended, with everyone enjoying an equal voice in the decisions that affect our lives, our families and our communities, such a combination of facts, backed by public opinion, already would have yielded substantial changes in our gun laws.\r\n\r\nBut the truth is that our system has been thrown out of balance by the power of moneyed interests, including the gun lobby and the weapons industry. In many places \u2013 especially Congress \u2013 many with the power to act instead express their \u201cthoughts and prayers\u201d and move on without making any substantive changes to our laws.\r\n\r\nMany cite the National Rifle Association\u2019s political spending as an explanation for our elected leaders\u2019 intransigence on this issue. And with good reason \u2013 the NRA boasts that it has 5 million members (a number that some dispute) and spends tens of millions of dollars on politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-5\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Christopher Ingraham, \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft NRA c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edd khai thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 manh m\u1ed1i\u201d, Wash. Post, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/02\/26\/nobody-knows-how-many-members-the-nra-has-but-its-tax-returns-offer-some-clues\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-5\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/a> But as this report makes clear, the NRA\u2019s power goes beyond its campaign spending. It has created a sophisticated grassroots operation to push its agenda in statehouses and in Congress.\r\n\r\nThe NRA\u2019s political influence, however, is no match for the power of the American voter \u2013 provided we make our voices heard at every election, and if we solve some underlying governance challenges that skew policy in favor of wealthy special interests.\r\n\r\nThis report examines critical aspects of the NRA\u2019s perceived influence, and is intended to suggest solutions that will rebalance power to ensure that our democracy is responsive to our needs. This report does not recommend specific policies to reduce gun violence \u2013 but proposes solutions to boost the political power of Americans of every political persuasion \u2013 including the overwhelming number of people who support changes to our gun laws to save lives."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>The NRA\u2019s Organizing & Membership Base<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Voters hold the ultimate power in a democracy. Organized voters have more power than unorganized ones. The NRA\u2019s influence and political success extends beyond campaign contributions and independent expenditures and into political organizing and mobilizing of a grassroots base of voters who are known to vote frequently and follow the recommendations of the organization.\r\n\r\nKey to the power of the NRA and its affiliates is their grassroots base. The NRA claims \u201cnearly five million members,\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-6\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a NRA, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/home.nra.org\/about-the-nra\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-6\"><sup>6<\/sup><\/a> nh\u01b0ng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb th\u1ed5i ph\u1ed3ng (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u201ctr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi\u201d \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft). <a id=\"return-note-24-7\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Christopher Ingraham, \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft NRA c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edd khai thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 manh m\u1ed1i\u201d, Wash. Post, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/02\/26\/nobody-knows-how-many-members-the-nra-has-but-its-tax-returns-offer-some-clues\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-7\"><sup>7<\/sup><\/a> Still, the NRA\u2019s membership is perceived by lawmakers as a powerful force that can be mobilized to support \u2013 or defeat \u2013 legislation and candidates.\r\n\r\nThe opinions of NRA members do not necessarily match perfectly with the policies the NRA promotes. While some NRA members join the organization because they support the policy goals and political advocacy, many others join for the extensive benefits and services provided \u2013 including discounted insurance, access to private clubs, a print magazine, and firearms safety classes, to name a few. This helps grow the NRA\u2019s membership ranks and creates a cycle of membership engagement from lifestyle (discounts and a magazine) to politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-8\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Hahrie Han, \u201cB\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang? H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb NRA,\u201d NY Times, ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/10\/04\/opinion\/gun-control-nra-vegas.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-8\"><sup>8<\/sup><\/a> Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau v\u1ee5 x\u1ea3 s\u00fang \u1edf Parkland, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a NRA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. <a id=\"return-note-24-9\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Barbara Goldberg v\u00e0 Gina Cherelus, \u201cC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi NRA khi cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang n\u1ed5 ra\u201d, Reuters, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-guns-boycott\/corporate-partners-cut-cord-with-nra-as-gun-control-debate-rages-idUSKCN1G71OX.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-9\"><sup>9<\/sup><\/a> It may have a long-term impact.\r\n\r\nIndividuals can become leaders within the NRA as firearms instructors or coaches. With 125,000 instructors <a id=\"return-note-24-10\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a NRA, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/firearmtraining.nra.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-10\"><sup>10<\/sup><\/a> (training 1 million people each year) the NRA gives volunteers a significant role in building the organization. NRA members may have joined for the discounts, but are constantly recruited to take leadership roles, as well as join in political activities supporting the NRA leadership\u2019s positions.\r\n\r\nThere\u2019s strong evidence that the NRA\u2019s policy and lobbying priorities reflect the priorities of gun manufacturers more than rank-and-file members.\r\n\r\nThe gun industry relies on the NRA\u2019s lobbying power as a \u201cde facto trade association\u201d according to one expert. <a id=\"return-note-24-11\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"\u201cNg\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi NRA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o,\u201d NPR, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/13\/593255356\/how-americas-gun-industry-is-tied-to-the-nra.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-11\"><sup>11<\/sup><\/a> S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch \u2013 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 mua s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Frank Luntz, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u0103m d\u00f2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a) <a id=\"return-note-24-12\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Edith Honan, \u201cCu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang, ngay c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NRA, \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u201d, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-shooting-denver-guns\/poll-finds-gun-owners-even-nra-members-back-some-restrictions-idUSBRE86O02O20120725.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-12\"><sup>12<\/sup><\/a>) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng ba trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NRA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai mua s\u00fang, <a id=\"return-note-24-13\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Colleen L. Barry, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, \u201cSau Newtown \u2013 \u00dd ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch s\u00fang v\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n,\u201d T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Y khoa New England, ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2013, http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1300512?query=featured_home&amp;.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-13\"><sup>13<\/sup><\/a> m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 NRA k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i. <a id=\"return-note-24-14\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang, Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2016, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/get-the-facts\/background-checks-nics\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-14\"><sup>14<\/sup><\/a> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m theo ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a NRA c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NRA s\u1ebd b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu b\u00e3i nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cA\u201d. <a id=\"return-note-24-15\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Eric Lipton v\u00e0 Alexander Burns, \u201cNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a NRA: Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy\u00ean g\u00f3p\u201d, ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/24\/us\/politics\/nra-gun-control-florida.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-15\"><sup>15<\/sup><\/a> Even if NRA members personally agree with policies like universal background checks, the industry opposition is reflected in the letter grades of candidates.\r\n\r\nEven if a majority of NRA members demanded change, the structure and bylaws of the organization might prevent it. Only those who have been NRA members for at least five years (or have signed up for a lifetime membership) can vote in NRA elections. And NRA officials and members who cross Executive Vice President Wayne LaPierre, who is close with the gun industry, are forced out or marginalized. <a id=\"return-note-24-16\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Chris McGreal, &#039;NRA kh\u00f4ng dung th\u1ee9 cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn:&#039; C\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang s\u00fang gi\u1eef v\u1eefng th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, The Guardian, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2015, https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2015\/oct\/23\/national-rifle-association-gun-lobby-wayne-lapierre\/\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-16\"><sup>16<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThe large media presence of the NRA (seven print and online magazines, popular YouTube and other social media channels) also helps it recruit new members and highlights the importance of its political activities. With a constant barrage of stories and commentary that vilifies the NRA\u2019s political opponents and reinforces a feeling that the freedom of gun owners is under attack from powerful forces, the NRA membership is primed and motivated to vote. Some of the NRA\u2019s recent digital videos evince extreme hostility to the media, echoing President Trump\u2019s attacks on journalists and a free press.\r\n\r\nBuilding a grassroots base of support takes significant resources. The NRA paid more than $20 million in 2015 to a single membership-building vendor. <a id=\"return-note-24-17\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"M\u1eabu 990 c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Thu\u1ebf v\u1ee5 Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2015 d\u00e0nh cho Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/projects.propublica.org\/nonprofits\/organizations\/530116130.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-17\"><sup>17<\/sup><\/a> M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a NRA \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ph\u00ed th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; nh\u00f3m sau bao g\u1ed3m Freedom Partners do gia \u0111\u00ecnh Koch h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kho\u1ea3ng $5 tri\u1ec7u cho NRA v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014. <a id=\"return-note-24-18\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, T\u00f3m t\u1eaft Chi ti\u00eau B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u0103m 2016, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/contrib.php?cmte=C90013301&amp;cycle=2016\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-18\"><sup>18<\/sup><\/a> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 NRA kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005, &quot;c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p&quot; (theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a NRA) \u0111\u00e3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eeb $19,3 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn $60,2 tri\u1ec7u cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. <a id=\"return-note-24-19\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, Ti\u1ec1n m\u00e1u II: Ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho NRA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2015 http:\/\/www.vpc.org\/studies\/bloodmoney2.pdf.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-19\"><sup>19<\/sup><\/a> M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fang, MidwayUSA, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p g\u1ea7n $15 tri\u1ec7u cho NRA. <a id=\"return-note-24-20\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NRA, Midway USA, https:\/\/www.midwayusa.com\/nra-support.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-20\"><sup>20<\/sup><\/a> NRA c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a NRA. <a id=\"return-note-24-21\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Walter Hickey, \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 NRA th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\u201d, Business Insider, ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2012, http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/the-nra-has-sold-out-to-the-gun-industry-to-become-their-top-crisis-pr-firm-2012-12.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-21\"><sup>21<\/sup><\/a> V\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fang Taurus cung c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NRA mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n mua h\u00e0ng. <a id=\"return-note-24-22\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"C\u1ea3m \u01a1n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 mua s\u00fang t\u1eeb Taurus, https:\/\/www.taurususa.com\/pdf\/NRA\/Taurus-NRA-Free-Membership-Print.pdf.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-22\"><sup>22<\/sup><\/a>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Chi ti\u00eau b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a NRA<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Of the groups and organizations that promote the interests of the gun industry, the NRA is by far the biggest political spender.\r\n\r\nIts spending has increased significantly in recent years. Empowered by the Supreme Court\u2019s decision in <em>C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3<\/em> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, NRA chi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea7u ra nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0m theo \u00fd m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <em>h\u0103m d\u1ecda<\/em> to spend money for and against candidates. The threat alone can advance or stall policy because elected officials fear that the NRA will spend whatever it takes to defeat them.\r\n\r\nSince 1989, the NRA \u2013 measured by money from its PACs and employees \u2013 has contributed approximately <strong>$23 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean li\u00ean bang, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee7y ban ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, theo Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. <a id=\"return-note-24-23\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-23\"><sup>23<\/sup><\/a> Ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a NRA nh\u01b0 Safari Club International, National Shooting Sports Foundation v\u00e0 Gun Owners of America th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u00fang kh\u00e1c, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 <strong>$42 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u00fang t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1989. <a id=\"return-note-24-24\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-24\"><sup>24<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\n\u1ede c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u bang, NRA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00edt nh\u1ea5t <strong>$17 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1ee7y ban c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990, theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p. <a id=\"return-note-24-25\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 do Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia trong Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p, https:\/\/www.followthemoney.org\/show-me?f-fc=2&amp;d-eid=1854#[{1|gro=y (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-25\"><sup>25<\/sup><\/a> Chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt s\u00fang ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n \u2013 nh\u00f3m sau ch\u1ec9 chi ti\u00eau <strong>$4,3 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1989. <a id=\"return-note-24-26\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-26\"><sup>26<\/sup><\/a><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-176\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions.png 1050w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-1024x437.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"448\" \/>\r\n\r\nBut direct contributions per election cycle are only a drop in the NRA\u2019s campaign bucket.\r\n\r\nThe NRA spends most of its election money on \u201cindependent expenditures\u201d \u2013 not campaign contributions. Often, these take the form of paid advertisements calling for the election or defeat of candidates.\r\n\r\nThe NRA greatly boosted its independent spending after the Supreme Court decided Citizens United in 2010; that ruling declared that corporations \u2013 including some nonprofits like the NRA \u2013 have a constitutional right to spend unlimited amounts to influence elections.\r\n\r\nIn the 2016 federal election cycle alone, the NRA spent at least <strong>$54 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> v\u1ec1 chi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed li\u00ean bang \u2014 $37 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, $17,3 tri\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 $265 cho \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. <a id=\"return-note-24-27\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, T\u00f3m t\u1eaft Chi ti\u00eau B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u0103m 2016, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-27\"><sup>27<\/sup><\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i <strong>$27 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u00eau trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2014 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i <strong>$19 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u00eau trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 2012. <a id=\"return-note-24-28\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-28\"><sup>28<\/sup><\/a> Chi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a NRA cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi $3 tri\u1ec7u chi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt s\u00fang ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016 v\u00e0 <strong>$8,6 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u00eau v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014. <a id=\"return-note-24-29\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-29\"><sup>29<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-175\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1069px) 100vw, 1069px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending.png 1069w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-768x400.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-1024x534.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1069\" height=\"557\" \/>\r\n\r\nT\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft ai \u0111ang chi ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00e1m th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 trong <em>C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3<\/em>, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00fd ki\u1ebfn (ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<blockquote>\u201cThe court declared, \u2018With the advent of the Internet, prompt disclosure of expenditures can provide shareholders and citizens with the information needed to hold corporations and elected officials accountable for their positions and supporters.\u2019 It also said that disclosure \u2018permits citizens and shareholders to react to the speech of corporate entities in a proper way. This transparency enables the electorate to make informed decisions and give proper weight to different speakers and messages.\u2019 And the court expressed enthusiasm that technology today makes disclosure \u2018rapid and informative.\u2019 What went wrong? The court\u2019s vision of disclosure and transparency is nowhere in sight. In fact, campaign finance in the United States has, by many measures, fallen into an era dominated by \u2018dark money,\u2019 with donors hiding in the shadows and hundreds of millions of dollars of contributions flowing through politics without a trace of who gave it or why.\u201d\r\n\r\nWashington Post Editorial Board, January 20, 2015<\/blockquote>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Unfortunately, any comprehensive analysis of the NRA\u2019s political spending is inherently incomplete. The NRA uses its \u201cInstitute for Legislative Action\u201d [ILA] to do most of its political spending. The ILA is an arm of the NRA that keeps its donors secret. About <strong>$34 million<\/strong> of the <strong>$54 million<\/strong> that the NRA reported to the Federal Election Commission in the 2016 cycle \u2013 <strong>more than 60% of its total<\/strong> \u2013 came through the ILA. <a id=\"return-note-24-30\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (last accessed March 14, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-30\"><sup>30<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nSecond, some campaign spending often goes unreported because our laws have not kept pace with how groups use changing technology to influence elections. As McClatchy reported in 2016, \u201ctwo people with close connections to the powerful gun lobby said its total election spending [during the 2016 cycle] actually <strong>approached or exceeded $70 million<\/strong> [far more than the $54 million reported to the FEC]. The reporting gap could be explained by the fact that independent groups are not required to reveal how much they spend on [certain] Internet or field operations, including get-out-the-vote efforts.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-31\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Peter Stone and Greg Gordon, \u201cFBI Investigating Whether Russian Money Went to the NRA to Help Trump,\u201d McClatchy, Jan. 23, 2018, http:\/\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/national\/article195231139.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-31\"><sup>31<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThere is also the matter of foreign interference in our elections. The FBI is investigating whether Russian nationals who are close to the Kremlin \u201cfunneled money to the National Rifle Association to help Donald Trump win the election,\u201d according to McClatchy. <a id=\"return-note-24-32\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Id.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-32\"><sup>32<\/sup><\/a> Moreover, \u201ca prominent Kremlin-linked Russian politician has methodically cultivated ties with leaders of the National Rifle Association and documented efforts in real time over six years to leverage those connections and gain deeper access into American politics,\u201d according to NPR. <a id=\"return-note-24-33\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Tim Mak, \u201cDepth of Russian Politician\u2019s Cultivation of NRA Ties Revealed,\u201d NPR, March 1, 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/01\/590076949\/depth-of-russian-politicians-cultivation-of-nra-ties-revealed.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-33\"><sup>33<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_174\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"963\"]<img class=\"wp-image-174 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 963px) 100vw, 963px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending.png 963w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending-300x285.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending-768x730.png 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"963\" height=\"915\" \/> Common Cause analysis of data from the Center for Responsive Politics; includes direct contributions to candidates from NRA employees and its PAC as well as indirect support via independent expenditures. Only includes spending from 1989 to the present.[\/caption]"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Chi ti\u00eau v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang c\u1ee7a NRA<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Lobbying is another strategy that the NRA uses to accomplish its political goals. It is a prolific spender on Capitol Hill.\r\n\r\nIn recent years, the NRA has increased its federal lobbying spending dramatically, going from <strong>$1,815,000<\/strong> in 2007 to <strong>$5,122,000<\/strong> in 2017 \u2014 more than a <strong>182<\/strong>% increase.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_173\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1034\"]<img class=\"wp-image-173 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1034px) 100vw, 1034px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures.png 1034w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-768x440.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-1024x587.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1034\" height=\"593\" \/> Common Cause analysis of lobbying data from Center for Responsive Politics[\/caption]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NRA Federal Lobbying Expenditure<\/p>\r\nIts federal lobbying has secured votes on some of its priorities \u2013 and blocked bills that it opposes.\r\n\r\nSince Congress passed an assault weapons ban in 1994, which it allowed to expire in 2004, not much substantive gun legislation has been signed into law. One exception is the \u201c<strong>Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act;<\/strong>\u201d President George W. Bush signed it in 2005. The law shields corporations which manufacture and sell weapons from liability when their products harm people. The NRA called this legislation a \u201cvitally important first step toward ending the anti-gun lobby\u2019s shameless attempts to bankrupt the American firearms industry.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-34\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act,\u201d National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action,\u201d April 1, 2010, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/articles\/20100401\/protection-of-lawful-commerce-in-arms.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-34\"><sup>34<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nOther gun measures have all failed. The House and Senate have voted on proposals to close the \u201cgun show loophole\u201d to require purchasers at gun shows to undergo background checks and three-day waiting periods. None have gone to the president\u2019s desk.\r\n\r\nOther NRA priorities have gained momentum. In 2017, the House of Representatives passed the \u201c<strong>Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act<\/strong>\u201d to permit concealed handguns across state lines. It awaits action in the Senate. The NRA has pushed this proposal as one of its priority bills.\r\n\r\nThe NRA\u2019s legislative advocacy is not limited to gun-related legislation, however. It has also been a stalwart opponent of the <strong>DISCLOSE Act<\/strong>, legislation that would shine a light on secret money in politics, including the money that is flowing through its Institute for Legislative Action, as discussed above. In 2017 \u2013 a year after it spent $33 million from secret sources influencing the 2016 election \u2013 the NRA listed the DISCLOSE Act as one of the bills it paid its lobbyists to defeat. The DISCLOSE Act is one of the bills that the NRA lists most frequently on its lobbying reports."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>NRA li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p Hoa K\u1ef3 (ALEC)<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Much of the NRA\u2019s work occurs at the state level, where it has used the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) to pursue its policy agenda. One of the most notorious laws that the NRA has pushed for the past decade is known as \u201cstand your ground.\u201d\r\n\r\nALEC brings state legislators and corporate lobbyists together behind closed doors to draft and plot the passage of \u201cmodel legislation\u201d that furthers the corporate interests of its members. <a id=\"return-note-24-35\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Mike McIntire, \u201cT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang kinh doanh b\u00ed m\u1eadt\u201d, New York Times, ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2012, http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/04\/22\/us\/alec-a-tax-exempt-group-mixes-legislators-and-lobbyists.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-35\"><sup>35<\/sup><\/a> ALEC\u2019s state legislative members take the model bills and introduce them in state legislatures throughout the country. ALEC staff offers state legislators talking points, boilerplate press releases, and other support to help push the bills over the finish line. ALEC describes itself as a charity, but Common Cause has filed a whistleblower complaint with the Internal Revenue Service challenging its charitable tax status, which gives ALEC\u2019s corporate donors a tax write-off for their support of the work that ALEC does to influence corporate-backed legislation.\r\n\r\nIn 2005, Florida adopted a \u201cstand your ground\u201d law that grants individuals a right to use deadly force, without any duty to retreat, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to \u201cprevent death or great bodily harm \u2026 or to prevent he commission of a forcible felony.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-36\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang, \u201cT\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 &#039;B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh&#039;\u201d, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand-your-ground.aspx\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-36\"><sup>36<\/sup><\/a> N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, theo Mother Jones, \u201ct\u1ef1 v\u1ec7\u201d l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t th\u00e2n\u201d. <a id=\"return-note-24-37\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Adam Weinstein, \u201cNRA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn lu\u1eadt s\u00fang c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o,\u201d ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2012, Mother Jones, https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2012\/06\/nra-alec-stand-your-ground\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-37\"><sup>37<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nSau khi Florida th\u00f4ng qua &quot;b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n&quot;, Ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a NRA khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Wayne LaPierre cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 &quot;b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a ti\u1ec3u bang. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y sang c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang kh\u00e1c&quot;. <a id=\"return-note-24-38\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Manuel Roig-Franzia, \u201cLu\u1eadt s\u00fang \u1edf Florida s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7,\u201d ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2005, Washington Post, http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2005\/04\/25\/AR2005042501553.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-38\"><sup>38<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ALEC, l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang c\u1ee7a NRA \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Florida v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ALEC trong \u201cL\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1\u201d c\u1ee7a ALEC \u0111\u1ec3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadt m\u1eabu \u201ct\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau <a id=\"return-note-24-39\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"John Nichols, \u201cALEC \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf lu\u1eadt &#039;Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi&#039; c\u1ee7a Florida nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, The Nation, ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2012, https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/how-alec-took-floridas-license-kill-law-national\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-39\"><sup>39<\/sup><\/a> \u1edf \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 24 ti\u1ec3u bang. <a id=\"return-note-24-40\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang, \u201cT\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 &#039;B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh&#039;\u201d, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand-your-ground.aspx\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-40\"><sup>40<\/sup><\/a> Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Florida \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra tranh lu\u1eadn trong phi\u00ean t\u00f2a x\u00e9t x\u1eed George Zimmerman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean tr\u1eafng \u00e1n v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 sau khi gi\u1ebft Trayvon Martin, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean da \u0111en kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012.<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-172\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1226px) 100vw, 1226px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground.png 1226w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-768x444.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-1024x591.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1226\" height=\"708\" \/>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Americans continue to organize to advance policies that will safeguard our communities from the crisis of gun violence. With every surge in the shocking violence affecting our towns, neighborhoods, and schools, people renew their pushes for changes to the laws that regulate how guns are bought, sold, and handled.\r\n\r\nDespite the public support they enjoy, most of these proposals stall. People often cite the NRA\u2019s political contributions as a major reason for the ongoing stalemate. And as this report has detailed, the NRA\u2019s organizing power and political spending are significant. Too many politicians are beholden to the NRA and fear its influence in their election.\r\n\r\nThat\u2019s where voters come in.\r\n\r\nOur democracy should be of, by, and for the people. We need to restore balance to our elections, and ensure everyone has an equal voice and equal say in the decisions that affect our lives \u2013 including laws that protect our schools, our homes, and our communities from gun violence.\r\n\r\nWorking together, we can strengthen our democracy to make our leaders more responsive to their real bosses \u2013 we the people. Here are five concrete solutions to shift power away from special interests like the NRA and empower the rest of us. There is more we must do \u2013 but here are places we can start to make our democracy more accountable and reflective.\r\n\r\n<strong>1. \u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu!<\/strong> B\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ra \u2013 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang ta xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eabu \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri ho\u1eb7c mang \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec3u bang, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 &quot;\u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc&quot; \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee7 18 tu\u1ed5i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u bang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vote.org\/\">http:\/\/www.vote.org\/<\/a>. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n mang theo \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 B\u1ea7u c\u1eed phi \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i do Li\u00ean minh B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 B\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. S\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 866-OUR-VOTE; b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp li\u00ean minh B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 B\u1ea7u c\u1eed tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i <a href=\"http:\/\/www.866ourvote.org\/\">www.866OurVote.org<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>2. Th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c ti\u1ec3u bang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi 16 v\u00e0 17 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm.<\/strong> M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, an to\u00e0n, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd nh\u1eefng c\u1eed tri \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi S\u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00edn ti\u1ec3u bang v\u00e0 Qu\u1eadn Columbia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00e1c. Khi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u c\u1eed tri v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch c\u1eed tri.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb 16 \u0111\u1ebfn 17 tu\u1ed5i<\/strong> cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham gia. M\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u ti\u1ec3u bang v\u00e0 Qu\u1eadn Columbia \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>B\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm<\/strong> gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0o Ng\u00e0y b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 13 ti\u1ec3u bang kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp trang web B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed phi \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.866ourvote.org\/\">www.866OurVote.org<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>3. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta chi tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 trao quy\u1ec1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3.<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf trong d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u1eafng nghe nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f3 t\u00fai ti\u1ec1n r\u1ee7ng r\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c phi\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n ra tranh c\u1eed - gi\u00fap b\u1ea7u ra nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i chung - v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe c\u1eed tri c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u00edt b\u1ecb b\u00f3p m\u00e9o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u. Connecticut c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed do c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 75% \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Connecticut \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u00fang sau v\u1ee5 x\u1ea3 s\u00fang t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc Sandy Hook. <a id=\"return-note-24-41\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Lisa W. Foderaro v\u00e0 Kristin Hussey, \u201cSau v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t \u1edf Florida, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Connecticut,\u201d NY Times, ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/17\/nyregion\/florida-shooting-parkland-gun-control-connecticut.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-41\"><sup>41<\/sup><\/a>Ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m h\u01a1n 100 lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1n s\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n 10 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.\r\n\r\n<strong>4. L\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi lu\u1eadt minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft ai \u0111ang t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Ti\u1ec1n b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 phi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. H\u01a1n $800 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edf c\u1ea5p li\u00ean bang k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Citizens United n\u0103m 2010. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a NRA trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf - v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt DISCLOSE t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u01b0 California, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, New Mexico v\u00e0 Rhode Island \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng khai n\u00e2ng cao cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u bang.\r\n\r\n<strong>5. T\u1ea1o #FairMaps v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gian l\u1eadn khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed.<\/strong> Democracy should mean that everyone counts and has fair and equal representation. Voters should pick their elected representatives, rather than having politicians pick their constituents. Building off several legal victories and successes in creating strong systems in California and Arizona, efforts to implement solutions that increase fairness and transparency in drawing political boundaries are moving across the country. Redistricting that puts people first requires several elements. Every person living in a community must be fully and accurately counted. This can be achieved through improved census outreach and data collection while ending prison gerrymandering, the counting of prisoners where the prison is located instead of where they previously lived. Districts must adhere to the requirements of the Voting Rights Act and decision-makers should prioritize keeping communities of interest together. A transparent process that allows the public to fully engage requires meetings of decision-makers to be held in public, enforces strong conflict of interest protections, and makes data and software being used to draw districts publicly available. No deliberations among decision-makers should be kept from the people through legislative privilege or other means.\r\n\r\nOf course, none of these solutions alone will solve all our problems. But they will help to elevate the power of everyday Americans.\r\n\r\nTo learn more about these solutions, and to sign-up for action alerts nationally and in your state, sign-up at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/vi\/\">commoncause.org<\/a> v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tham gia."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>L\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Common Cause was founded in 1970 by John Gardner. Common Cause is a nonpartisan, grassroots organization dedicated to upholding the core values of American democracy. We work to create open, honest, and accountable government that serves the public interest; promote equal rights, opportunity, and representation for all; and empower all people to make their voices heard in the political process.\r\n\r\nThis report was produced with the support of small dollar contributions from Americans who believe in transparent, open, and accountable government and a democracy that works for all of us.\r\n\r\nThis report was written by Stephen Spaulding and Jesse Littlewood of Common Cause.\r\n\r\nThe authors wish to express their thanks to Karen Hobert Flynn, Scott Swenson, Dale Eisman, and Paul Seamus Ryan of Common Cause for their advice on this report, and to Kerstin Diehn for her design."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y g\u1eedi email cho David Vance theo \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 dvance AT commoncause DOT org. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c trang web n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y g\u1eedi email cho CauseNet AT commoncause DOT org \u0110\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Common Cause nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, h\u00e3y g\u1eedi email cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i theo \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 grassroots AT commoncause DOT org v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ai, b\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<ol>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-1\">S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Brady nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, http:\/\/www.bradycampaign.org\/key-gun-violence-statistics (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-1\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-2\">S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, Everytown for Gun Safety, https:\/\/everytownresearch.org\/gun-violence-by-the-numbers\/ (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-2\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-3\">Emily Weyrauch, \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em da \u0111en c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eed vong v\u00ec s\u00fang cao h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb em da tr\u1eafng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n\u201d, Time, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/time.com\/4823524\/gun-violence-black-children-study\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-3\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-4\">Jamie Ducharme, \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt s\u00fang nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u0103m d\u00f2\u201d, Time, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, http:\/\/time.com\/5167216\/americans-gun-control-support-poll-2018\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-4\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-5\">Christopher Ingraham, \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft NRA c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edd khai thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 manh m\u1ed1i\u201d, Wash. Post, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/02\/26\/nobody-knows-how-many-members-the-nra-has-but-its-tax-returns-offer-some-clues\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-5\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-6\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a NRA, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/home.nra.org\/about-the-nra\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-6\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-7\">Christopher Ingraham, \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft NRA c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u1edd khai thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 manh m\u1ed1i\u201d, Wash. Post, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/02\/26\/nobody-knows-how-many-members-the-nra-has-but-its-tax-returns-offer-some-clues\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-7\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-8\">Hahrie Han, \u201cB\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang? H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb NRA,\u201d NY Times, ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/10\/04\/opinion\/gun-control-nra-vegas.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-8\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-9\">Barbara Goldberg v\u00e0 Gina Cherelus, \u201cC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi NRA khi cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang n\u1ed5 ra\u201d, Reuters, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-guns-boycott\/corporate-partners-cut-cord-with-nra-as-gun-control-debate-rages-idUSKCN1G71OX. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-9\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-10\">Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a NRA, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/firearmtraining.nra.org\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-10\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-11\">\u201cNg\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi NRA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o,\u201d NPR, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/13\/593255356\/how-americas-gun-industry-is-tied-to-the-nra. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-11\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-12\">Edith Honan, \u201cCu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang, ngay c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NRA, \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf\u201d, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-shooting-denver-guns\/poll-finds-gun-owners-even-nra-members-back-some-restrictions-idUSBRE86O02O20120725. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-12\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-13\">Colleen L. Barry, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, \u201cSau Newtown \u2013 \u00dd ki\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch s\u00fang v\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n,\u201d T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Y khoa New England, ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2013, http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1300512?query=featured_home&amp;. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-13\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-14\">Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang, Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2016, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/get-the-facts\/background-checks-nics\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-14\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-15\">Eric Lipton v\u00e0 Alexander Burns, \u201cNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a NRA: Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy\u00ean g\u00f3p\u201d, ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/24\/us\/politics\/nra-gun-control-florida.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-15\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-16\">Chris McGreal, &#039;NRA kh\u00f4ng dung th\u1ee9 cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn:&#039; C\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang s\u00fang gi\u1eef v\u1eefng th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, The Guardian, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2015, https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2015\/oct\/23\/national-rifle-association-gun-lobby-wayne-lapierre\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-16\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-17\">M\u1eabu 990 c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Thu\u1ebf v\u1ee5 Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 2015 d\u00e0nh cho Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/projects.propublica.org\/nonprofits\/organizations\/530116130. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-17\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-18\">Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, T\u00f3m t\u1eaft Chi ti\u00eau B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u0103m 2016, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/contrib.php?cmte=C90013301&amp;cycle=2016 <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-18\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-19\">Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, Ti\u1ec1n m\u00e1u II: Ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u00fang t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho NRA nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2015 http:\/\/www.vpc.org\/studies\/bloodmoney2.pdf. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-19\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-20\">H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NRA, Midway USA, https:\/\/www.midwayusa.com\/nra-support. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-20\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-21\">Walter Hickey, \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 NRA th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\u201d, Business Insider, ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2012, http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/the-nra-has-sold-out-to-the-gun-industry-to-become-their-top-crisis-pr-firm-2012-12. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-21\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-22\">C\u1ea3m \u01a1n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 mua s\u00fang t\u1eeb Taurus, https:\/\/www.taurususa.com\/pdf\/NRA\/Taurus-NRA-Free-Membership-Print.pdf. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-22\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-23\">Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-23\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-24\">Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-24\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-25\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 do Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia trong Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p, https:\/\/www.followthemoney.org\/show-me?f-fc=2&amp;d-eid=1854#[{1|gro=y (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-25\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-26\">Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-26\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-27\">Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, T\u00f3m t\u1eaft Chi ti\u00eau B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u0103m 2016, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-27\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-28\">Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-28\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-29\">Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u00fang so v\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang, Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-29\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-30\">Trung t\u00e2m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, T\u00f3m t\u1eaft Chi ti\u00eau B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u0103m 2016, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i S\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (truy c\u1eadp l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-30\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-31\">Peter Stone v\u00e0 Greg Gordon, \u201cFBI \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tra xem li\u1ec7u ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nga c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn NRA \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Trump hay kh\u00f4ng,\u201d McClatchy, ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2018, http:\/\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/national\/article195231139.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-31\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-32\">Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-32\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-33\">Tim Mak, \u201cTi\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia Nga v\u1edbi NRA\u201d, NPR, ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/01\/590076949\/depth-of-russian-politicians-cultivation-of-nra-ties-revealed. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-33\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-34\">\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p,\u201d Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia,\u201d ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2010, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/articles\/20100401\/protection-of-lawful-commerce-in-arms. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-34\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-35\">Mike McIntire, \u201cT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang kinh doanh b\u00ed m\u1eadt\u201d, New York Times, ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2012, http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/04\/22\/us\/alec-a-tax-exempt-group-mixes-legislators-and-lobbyists.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-35\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-36\">H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang, \u201cT\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 &#039;B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh&#039;\u201d, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand-your-ground.aspx\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-36\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-37\">Adam Weinstein, \u201cNRA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn lu\u1eadt s\u00fang c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o,\u201d ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2012, Mother Jones, https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2012\/06\/nra-alec-stand-your-ground\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-37\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-38\">Manuel Roig-Franzia, \u201cLu\u1eadt s\u00fang \u1edf Florida s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7,\u201d ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2005, Washington Post, http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2005\/04\/25\/AR2005042501553.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-38\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-39\">John Nichols, \u201cALEC \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf lu\u1eadt &#039;Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi&#039; c\u1ee7a Florida nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, The Nation, ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2012, https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/how-alec-took-floridas-license-kill-law-national\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-39\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-40\">H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec3u bang, \u201cT\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 &#039;B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh&#039;\u201d, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand-your-ground.aspx\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-40\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-41\">Lisa W. Foderaro v\u00e0 Kristin Hussey, \u201cSau v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t \u1edf Florida, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Connecticut,\u201d NY Times, ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/17\/nyregion\/florida-shooting-parkland-gun-control-connecticut.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-41\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_add_component","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_add_component":null},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_work","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_work":{"heading":"Work","manually_curate":false,"work":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_resources","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_resources":{"heading":"Related Resources","button_text":"See all Related Resources","manually_curate":false,"resource":null}}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Power Shift: How People Can Take on the NRA Report - 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