{"id":15608,"date":"2021-10-22T11:30:49","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T15:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/articles\/the-freedom-to-vote-or-the-freedom-to-filibuster\/"},"modified":"2021-10-22T11:30:49","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T15:30:49","slug":"the-freedom-to-vote-or-the-freedom-to-filibuster","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/vi\/articles\/the-freedom-to-vote-or-the-freedom-to-filibuster\/","title":{"rendered":"Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf"},"template":"","class_list":["post-15608","article","type-article","status-publish","hentry","article_type-blog-post"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"Senate Republicans used a loophole in the Senate\u2019s rules\u2014the filibuster \u2014to block even holding a debate on the Freedom to Vote Act. It\u2019s the third time they\u2019ve stopped their colleagues from debating voting rights legislation this year.\u00a0Senators now face a choice: protect the freedom to vote and find a way to send this bill to President Biden\u2019s desk, or let it die due to Republican obstruction and abuse of internal Senate rules.","featured_image":2628,"article_type":1103,"authors":["{\"site_id\":\"1\",\"post_type\":\"person\",\"post_id\":8888}"],"related_issues":[103,137,149,169,2066,2082],"related_work":[176,178],"location":null},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":null,"name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phe thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Mitch McConnell v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p GOP \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n tranh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do B\u1ea7u c\u1eed - \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt mang t\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eb1m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, c\u1ea5m gian l\u1eadn b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 k\u00ecm k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n\u2014filibuster\u2014\u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba h\u1ecd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu trong n\u0103m nay.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Biden, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u do s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 <\/span>kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/span><\/a>\u201d, nh\u01b0 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phe \u0111a s\u1ed1 Chuck Schumer \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n n\u00f3i.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00e1c c\u1eed tri \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea7u ra ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec3u bang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi L\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Trump, \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1eadt trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eed tri da m\u00e0u. Ngay trong n\u0103m nay, "\u00edt nh\u1ea5t 19 ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh 33 lu\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kh\u00f3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu h\u01a1n", <\/span>theo<\/span><\/a> \u0111\u1ebfn Trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Brennan.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nQu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i <\/span>c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do B\u1ea7u c\u1eed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa). \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu s\u1edbm tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp; quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu qua th\u01b0 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n; \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u1eed tri t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v.v. C\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 Quy\u1ec1n B\u1ea7u c\u1eed John R. Lewis nh\u1eb1m s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Quy\u1ec1n B\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. Khi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang v\u1eabn s\u1ebd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed li\u00ean bang, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 m\u00e3 b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay b\u1ea1n tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u1edbi 50 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y (H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua ba d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu trong n\u0103m nay), th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf.<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nFilibuster l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n nh\u00f3m \u0111a s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n 60 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 "di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Jim Crow" t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 tang c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 John Lewis, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c da tr\u1eafng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nTrong m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan g\u1ed3m 100 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129, filibuster c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111a s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ba ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c "k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp". Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp l\u00e0 60 phi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 10 phi\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u1ebf h\u00f2a 50-50 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt) m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 100 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 60 phi\u1ebfu trao cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi 59 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 mu\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, th\u00ec 41 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. V\u00e0 do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi hai th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 cho m\u1ed7i ti\u1ec3u bang b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, 41 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho <\/span>ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u<\/span><\/a> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang M\u1ef9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 59 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ee7a California \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho g\u1ea7n 40 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi; c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ee7a Wyoming \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kho\u1ea3ng 578.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft ngang nhau t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch filibuster, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, filibuster kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u00eau r\u00f5 khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 si\u00eau \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft \u00e1n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 si\u00eau \u0111a s\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n. <\/span>Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3.<\/i><\/b> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111a s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt. Alexander Hamilton \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong <\/span>Li\u00ean bang 22<\/span><\/a> r\u1eb1ng \u201cho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1\u201d c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00e0m x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7\u201d v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111a s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng \u201cni\u1ec1m vui, s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c tham nh\u0169ng\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nTh\u1ee9 hai, s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng\u2014tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 <\/span>d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/i> cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ngay t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y trong tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt T\u1ef1 do B\u1ea7u c\u1eed. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1eadt C-SPAN2, k\u00eanh ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 n\u00f3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 im l\u1eb7ng\u2014kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i ra s\u00e0n.<\/span>\r\n\r\nTh\u1ee9 ba, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 filibuster n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0ng khi filibuster c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Mitch McConnell, m\u1ed9t <\/span>t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng<\/span><\/a> \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc,\u201d ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n vui v\u1ebb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n thay v\u00ec tham gia v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i\u2014lu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, bao g\u1ed3m lu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00fd l\u1ecbch; \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt DREAM \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta; \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt DISCLOSE \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u2014t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft v\u00ec bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng cho ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nSo how does a senator filibuster? In short: many matters in the Senate operate by unanimous consent\u2014proceeding to debate legislation, agreeing to parameters of floor consideration, and other similar agreements. If one senator registers an objection, it can force the majority to \u201cfile cloture\u201d -- i.e., seek 60 votes to move forward.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nC\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf m\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng phe \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nCommon Cause t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111a s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n trong Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nV\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 trong tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Biden n\u00f3i<\/a> during a national town hall that \u201cwe\u2019re going to have to move to the point where we fundamentally alter the filibuster.\u201d\r\n\r\nHere are some options that may be on the table. Danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nT\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn 1: Gi\u1ea3m ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1eeb 60 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/b>. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n 60 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp t\u1eeb 60 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. S\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn nhanh v\u1ec1 <\/span>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ebf m\u1ea1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/a> cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng theo c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, <\/span>h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p n\u00f3<\/span><\/a> t\u1eeb hai ph\u1ea7n ba s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 67) \u0111\u1ebfn ba ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 (60 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129). T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Joe Biden, khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb Delaware, <\/span>b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p th\u1eddi gian k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span><\/a> t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 67 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 60. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 67 phi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975 khi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn vi\u1ec7c v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00ean bi\u1ec7n minh cho vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nNgo\u00e0i ra, thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 60 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 60 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c khuy\u1ebft gh\u1ebf), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u00ednh \u0111a s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 "c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu"\u2014n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y <\/span>Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Tom Harkin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/a> khi anh \u1ea5y \u1edf trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn <\/span>V\u00e0<\/span><\/i> trong thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp phi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft th\u00fac phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ee9c 60 cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c tu\u1ea7n, gi\u1ea3m ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 57, xu\u1ed1ng 54 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111a s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nQuy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 161 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft m\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1969.<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 2: N\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/b>. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Strom Thurmond \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong <\/span>1957<\/span><\/a> trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i qua email ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n James Clyburn <\/span>\u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3<\/span><\/a>, filibuster hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u201cng\u1ed3i \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t spa n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1ea5c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi filibuster v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. Filibuster th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, l\u00e9n l\u00fat n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch filibuster n\u0103m 1975, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201ctheo d\u00f5i k\u00e9p\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean s\u00e0n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho filibuster d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nTh\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Jeff Merkley, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch cho c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch filibuster, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a filibuster n\u00f3i. N\u1ebfu phe thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, <\/span>\u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y<\/span><\/a> cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh (v\u00e0 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd) cho thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111a s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Biden \u0111\u00e3 <\/span>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/a> s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 3: L\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng<\/b>\u2014<\/span>bu\u1ed9c 41 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, thay v\u00ec 60 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf. <\/b>C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf. N\u00f3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Norm Ornstein c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 <\/span>th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/span><\/a> \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1i n\u00e0y <\/span>\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/a> v\u00e0o <\/span>tr\u1ed9n<\/span><\/a> c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111a s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 l\u1ea5n \u00e1t quy t\u1eafc \u0111a s\u1ed1.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 4: T\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/b>. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 "\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra" kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u \u0111a s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra 161 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy t\u1eafc c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf trong c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1969 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2014, theo <\/span>nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span><\/a> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Molly Reynolds c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Brookings. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Biden d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong <\/span>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/span><\/a>. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch C\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf. N\u0103m 2013, \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed kh\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 60 phi\u1ebfu ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0o T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao. N\u0103m 2017, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0o T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao kh\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 60 phi\u1ebfu.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu b\u1ecf qua th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, v\u1ed1n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i T\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 5: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u201c\u0110\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh\u201d. <\/b>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ebft c\u1eafn v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o filibuster. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 "\u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh", t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, c\u1ea7n 60 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o r\u1eb1ng filibuster th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn\u2014-khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1eb7n cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch filibuster \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng filibuster \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Joe Manchin \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng <\/span>\u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu<\/span><\/a> cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span>\r\n\r\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 filibuster l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi filibuster s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/i> (v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i <\/span>t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/i> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ngang nhau t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong n\u0103m nay khi th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu (ba l\u1ea7n), lu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, lu\u1eadt c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 LGBTQ, c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nV\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n lu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n trong tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nTh\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, n\u01a1i \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ti\u1ec1n \u0111en \u0111ang huy \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra sau \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng c\u1eed tri m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra tranh t\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nN\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nT\u00c0I NGUY\u00caN:<\/b>\r\n