{"id":12025,"date":"2018-03-21T18:57:59","date_gmt":"2018-03-21T18:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/u-s-constitution-threatened-as-article-v-convention-movement-nears-success\/"},"modified":"2018-03-21T18:57:59","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T18:57:59","slug":"nagbanta-ang-konstitusyon-sa-amin-habang-nalalapit-sa-tagumpay-ang-kilusang-kombensiyon-ng-artikulo-v","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/resources\/u-s-constitution-threatened-as-article-v-convention-movement-nears-success\/","title":{"rendered":"Ang Saligang Batas ng US Nanganganib habang ang Article V Convention Movement ay Malapit na sa Tagumpay"},"template":"","class_list":["post-12025","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry","resource_type-report"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"A Common Cause Background Memo","featured_image":"","resource_type":150,"authors":null,"related_issues":[148,2051],"related_work":false,"location":46},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":null,"name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<em>Ang background memo na ito ay orihinal na na-publish noong Marso 2017 at na-update noong 2023.<\/em>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ang isang mahusay na pinondohan, lubos na coordinated na pambansang pagsisikap ay isinasagawa upang tumawag ng isang constitutional convention, sa ilalim ng Artikulo V ng Konstitusyon ng US, sa unang pagkakataon sa kasaysayan. Ang resulta ng naturang convention ay maaaring isang kumpletong pag-overhaul ng Konstitusyon at ang mga tagasuporta ng convention ay mapanganib na malapit nang magtagumpay. Sa pagkakaroon ng mas maraming momentum ng mga grupo ng espesyal na interes, anim na estado na lang ang kulang sa mga konserbatibong tagapagtaguyod upang maabot ang layunin ng 34-estado na kinakailangan ayon sa konstitusyon.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ang mga hindi alam na nakapalibot sa isang constitutional convention ay nagdudulot ng hindi katanggap-tanggap na panganib, lalo na sa kasalukuyang polarized na klima sa pulitika. Dahil sa kung gaano kalapit ang pagtawag sa isang bagong convention, oras na para bigyang pansin ang panganib na iyon at magpatunog ng alarma para sa pangangalaga ng ating Konstitusyon.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Napakakaunting mga Amerikano ang nakakaalam na ang isang constitutional convention ay maaaring tawagin, lalo pa na walang mga pagsusuri sa saklaw nito at higit pa na ang proseso ng pagtawag sa isa ay mahusay na isinasagawa at ini-underwritten ng ilan sa pinakamayamang indibidwal sa bansa.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ang mga panawagan para sa isang kombensiyon ay nagmumula sa kanan at kaliwa, na may mas maraming pera, mas malakas na istraktura ng kampanya, at pambansang koordinasyon sa kanan. Ang ilang mga pangunahing konserbatibong organisasyon at mga donor, kabilang ang pamilyang Mercer at mga grupong pinondohan ng Koch tulad ng American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), ay nag-renew at nagpatindi ng mga pagsisikap na itulak ang isyung ito sa pansin pagkatapos ng mga taon ng kawalan ng aktibidad.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ang memo na ito na nagbabalangkas sa iba&#039;t ibang kampanyang humihiling ng isang kombensiyon ng Artikulo V at kung bakit ito ay isang mapanganib na ideya lamang. Ang mga panawagang ito para sa isang constitutional convention ay kumakatawan sa pinakaseryosong banta sa ating demokrasya na lumilipad halos sa ilalim ng radar.<\/p>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Sabihin sa mga Mambabatas: Walang Article V Convention<\/h2><p><a class=\"button1\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/actionnetwork.org\/petitions\/protect-our-constitution-no-article-v-convention-2\">Kumilos Ngayon<\/a><\/p>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Artikulo V ng Konstitusyon ng US<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nThe U.S. Constitution offers two ways to add amendments to our nation\u2019s governing document in Article V. The process that has always used for all 27 amendments added to the Constitution since 1789 is for an amendment to pass with a two-thirds vote in each chamber of Congress and then be ratified by three-fourths of the states.\r\n\r\nThe other, untested way laid out in Article V is for two-thirds of state legislatures to call for a constitutional convention, also known as an \u201cArticle V convention,\u201d to add amendments to the Constitution once they are ratified by three-fourths of the states. Throughout the 230-year history of the U.S. Constitution, an Article V convention has never been called by Congress.\r\n\r\nThe Constitution offers no guidelines or rules on how a convention would work or if a convention can be limited to considering one amendment or subject. Since the Constitution offers no guidance on how applications for a convention should be counted, scholars have offered various legal opinions on the counting of convention applications, but it is generally agreed that all applications from two-thirds of the state legislatures (34 states) should be on the same issue for a convention to be called.\r\n\r\n<strong>Ang teksto ng Artikulo V ng Konstitusyon ng US:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Ang Kongreso, sa tuwing ang dalawang katlo ng dalawang kapulungan ay ipagpalagay na kinakailangan, ay dapat magmungkahi ng mga susog sa Konstitusyong ito, o, sa aplikasyon ng mga lehislatura ng dalawang katlo ng ilang mga estado, ay tatawag ng isang kombensiyon para sa pagpapanukala ng mga pagbabago, na, sa alinmang kaso , ay dapat maging wasto sa lahat ng layunin at layunin, bilang bahagi ng Konstitusyong ito, kapag pinagtibay ng mga lehislatura ng tatlong ikaapat ng ilang mga estado, o ng mga kombensiyon sa tatlong ikaapat nito, dahil ang isa o ang iba pang paraan ng pagpapatibay ay maaaring imungkahi ng ang Kongreso; sa kondisyon na walang pagbabago na maaaring gawin bago ang taon isang libo walong daan at walo ang dapat sa anumang paraan na makakaapekto sa una at ikaapat na sugnay sa ikasiyam na seksyon ng unang artikulo; at walang estado, nang walang pahintulot nito, ang aalisan ng pantay na pagboto nito sa Senado.<\/em>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Kasalukuyang Article V Convention Campaigns<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Ang Balanse na Pagsususog sa Badyet<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bagama&#039;t may ilang patuloy na kampanyang pro-convention, ang pagsisikap na magdagdag ng federal balanced budget amendment (BBA) sa Saligang Batas ay higit na umunlad. Sa buong 1970s at 1980s, dose-dosenang mga lehislatura ng estado ang nagpasa ng mga resolusyon o &quot;nanawagan&quot; para sa isang kombensiyon ng Artikulo V na magmungkahi ng balanseng pagbabago sa badyet. Sinasabi ng ilang tagapagtaguyod ng BBA na noong 1989, 32 na estado ang tumawag para sa isang kombensiyon para sa isang balanseng pagbabago sa badyet. Ang mga alalahanin tungkol sa isang potensyal na runaway convention, kasama ang isang intensified drive na itulak ang isang BBA sa pamamagitan ng Kongreso, ay humantong sa isang dosenang estado upang bawiin ang kanilang mga tawag sa kombensiyon sa pagitan ng 1989 at 2010. Gayunpaman, ang mga konserbatibong grupo ng interes ay muling binuhay ang plano ng kombensiyon, na humihikayat ng higit sa isang dosenang estado mga lehislatura upang ipasa ang Article V convention calls mula noong 2011.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sa tulong at pag-endorso ng American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), isang corporate lobbying group na nagbabalatkayo bilang isang charity, ang Article V BBA campaign ay naging steam sa nakalipas na dekada. Karamihan sa mga tagapagtaguyod ng kombensiyon ay sumasang-ayon na ngayon na ang 28 na estado ay may &quot;live&quot; na mga tawag para sa isang BBA convention (ibig sabihin, kung saan ang estado ay hindi nagpasa ng pagbawi upang mapawalang-bisa ang isang naunang tawag); ibig sabihin, anim na estado lang sila na nahihiya sa 34 na aplikasyon ng konstitusyon.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pangunahing tina-target ng kampanyang Article V BBA ang tatlong lehislatura ng estado na kontrolado ng GOP na walang application na Article V BBA sa mga aklat: Kentucky, Idaho, at Montana. Ang mga iyon ay patuloy na pangunahing target sa bawat sesyon ng pambatasan. Noong Marso 2019, ang dating Gobernador ng Wisconsin na si Scott Walker ay naging National Honorary Chair ng Center for State-led National Debt Solutions, isa sa mga pangunahing grupo na nagsusulong para sa mga aplikasyon ng BBA convention sa mga estado. Walker, ALEC, at iba pang mga tagapagtaguyod ng BBA ay mayroon <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alec.org\/article\/four-paths-to-a-state-drafted-voter-ratified-u-s-balance-budget-amendment-bba\/\">nagpahayag din ng plano<\/a> upang pilitin ang isang kombensiyon sa pamamagitan ng pagdaragdag ng mga aplikasyon mula sa mga estado ay mayroong mga aplikasyon ng BBA kasama ng anim na estado na may mga aplikasyon sa plenaryo na kombensiyon.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dahil sa banta ng isang Article V convention, binawi ng ilang lehislatura ng estado ang kanilang mga aplikasyon sa Article V BBA convention, kabilang ang Delaware (2016), New Mexico (2017), Maryland (2017), Nevada (2017), at Colorado (2021). Kung hindi pinawalang-bisa ng limang estadong iyon ang kanilang mga aplikasyon, ang mga tagapagtaguyod ng kombensiyon ng BBA ay nasa 33 estado, isa lamang ang layo mula sa pag-abot sa layunin ng 34 na estado.<\/p>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-22960 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/BBA-2023-1024x766.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"766\" \/>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Ang Convention of States Effort<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Isa pang konserbatibong pagsisikap na tumawag ng isang bagong constitutional convention, na kilala bilang &quot;Convention of States,&quot; ay isinasagawa din. Ang panukalang ito ay humihiling ng isang kombensiyon para sa malawak na layunin ng paglilimita sa mga kapangyarihan ng pederal na pamahalaan, pagpapataw ng mga pagpigil sa pananalapi sa pederal na paggasta, at paglalapat ng mga limitasyon sa termino para sa mga Miyembro ng Kongreso. Ang hindi malinaw na wika sa panukala ng Convention of States ay perpektong naglalarawan ng banta ng isang runaway convention.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ang pagsisikap ng Convention of States ay may mga pangunahing mapagkukunan sa likod nito, kasama ang hindi bababa sa <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/politics\/2017\/06\/12\/jim-demint-joins-group-that-wants-to-amend-constitution-tea-party\/102748540\/\">$500,000 mula sa pamilyang Mercer<\/a> (kilala sa kanilang suporta kay Pangulong Trump at mga kandidatong Republikano) at maraming malalaking kontribusyon mula sa Koch-connected Donors Trust. Ang mahusay na pinondohan na kampanya ng Convention of States ay pinamumunuan ng co-founder ng Tea Party Patriots na si Mark Meckler at dating US Sens. Tom Coburn, R-OK, at Jim DeMint, R-SC; Si DeMint ay isang dating pangulo ng Heritage Foundation. Ang kampanya ay nakakuha ng mga pangunahing pag-endorso mula sa iba pang mga pangunahing konserbatibong personalidad ng media, mga nahalal na opisyal, at mga espesyal na grupo ng interes, kabilang sina Senator Marco Rubio, dating Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott, Senator Rand Paul, dating Florida Gov. Jeb Bush, Mark Levin, Sean Hannity, Pete Hegseth, Allen West, dating Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis, the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), at iba pa.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Noong Setyembre 2016, idinaos ang Convention of States<a href=\"http:\/\/www.foavc.org\/reference\/COS_Proposals.pdf\"> isang mock convention<\/a> upang makabuo ng mga iminungkahing pagbabago sa Konstitusyon. Ang mga resulta ay nagpapakita kung paano nila pinaplano na gumamit ng isang kumbensyon upang ipatupad ang isang matinding agenda sa Konstitusyon at kung paano ang isang kumbensyon ay hindi maaaring limitado. Ang mga pagbabagong iminungkahi nila (matatagpuan dito) ay lubhang magpapabago sa pederal na pamahalaan at maglalagay ng mga karapatang sibil at mga kinakailangang programa, kabilang ang Social Security, Medicare, at Medicaid, sa panganib.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sa loob lamang ng huling pitong taon, ang resolusyon ng Convention of States ay naipasa sa 19 na estado: <b><strong>Georgia, Alaska, Florida, Alabama, Tennessee, Indiana, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arizona, North Dakota, Texas<\/strong><\/b>, <b><strong>Missouri<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<strong>Arkansas<\/strong>,<strong> Utah,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Mississippi West Virginia, Nebraska, South Carolina, at Wisconsin.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-22961 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/ConventionofStates_2023.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"773\" height=\"576\" \/>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Pagsisikap ng Wolf PAC<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Isinasagawa rin ang pagsisikap na tumawag ng isang konstitusyunal na kombensiyon ng Artikulo V para sa isang susog na magpapawalang-bisa sa desisyon ng Korte Suprema ng US sa\u00a0<i><em>Citizens United v. FEC<\/em><\/i>. Nangunguna sa pagsisikap na ito ang isang grupo na tinatawag na Wolf PAC, na itinatag ng makakaliwang komentarista sa pulitika na si Cenk Uygur. Mula noong 2014, ang resolusyon ng Wolf PAC ay pumasa sa limang estado, ngunit binawi ito sa dalawa, na nag-iwan sa kanila ng tatlong estado lamang: <b><strong>Vermont<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>California<\/strong><\/b>, at\u00a0<b><strong>Rhode <\/strong><\/b><b><strong>Isla<\/strong><\/b>.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ganap na sinusuportahan ng Common Cause ang pagbaligtad\u00a0<i><em>Nagkakaisa ang mga mamamayan\u00a0<\/em><\/i>at iba pang mga kaso na nagpatibay sa hindi nararapat na impluwensya ng pera sa pulitika. Sinusuportahan namin ang isang pag-amyenda sa konstitusyon bilang isang landas \u2013 ngunit tinututulan namin ang isang kumbensyon ng Artikulo V bilang mekanismo, para sa mga kadahilanang tinalakay sa bandang huli ng memo na ito. Isang susog na binabaligtad\u00a0<i><em>Nagkakaisa ang mga mamamayan<\/em><\/i>\u00a0ay hindi lamang ang tanging solusyon sa reporma sa ating demokrasya upang ang mga tao ay mauna; ito ay dapat na bahagi ng isang mas malaking konteksto ng mga solusyon kabilang ang pampublikong pagpopondo sa mga halalan, malakas na pagsisiwalat ng pampulitikang paggasta, modernisasyon ng pangangasiwa ng halalan, walang kinikilingan na reporma sa pagbabago ng distrito, at iba pang mga solusyong maka-demokrasya.<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3>Mga Limitasyon sa Termino ng US<\/h3>\r\nAng US Term Limits, isang grupong itinatag at pinondohan ng konserbatibong mega-donor na si Howard Rich, ay nangunguna rin sa isang kampanya para sa isang kombensiyon ng Artikulo V upang magmungkahi ng pagbabago sa konstitusyon sa mga miyembro ng limitasyon sa termino ng Kongreso. Mula noong 2016, anim na estado ang nagpasa sa mga aplikasyon sa kombensiyon ng Artikulo V sa mga limitasyon sa termino: <strong>Florida<\/strong>, <strong>Alabama<\/strong>, <strong>Missouri<\/strong>, <strong>West Virginia, Georgia, at Wisconsin.<\/strong>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Why the Article V Convention Process is a Threat<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As outlined in Common Cause\u2019s 2021 report,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resource\/constitutional-chaos-the-shadow-campaigns-aiming-to-unravel-our-freedom\/\">Constitutional Chaos The Shadow Campaigns Aiming to Unravel Our Freedom<\/a>, a constitutional convention is open to many problems, including:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\r\n \t<li><strong>THREAT OF A RUNAWAY CONVENTION:<\/strong> There is nothing in the Constitution to prevent a constitutional convention from being expanded in scope to issues not raised in convention calls passed by the state legislatures, and therefore could lead to a runaway convention.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>INFLUENCE OF SPECIAL INTERESTS:<\/strong> An Article V convention would open the Constitution to revisions at a time of extreme gerrymandering and polarization amid unlimited political spending. It could allow special interests and the wealthiest to re-write the rules governing our system of government.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>LACK OF CONVENTION RULES:<\/strong> There are no rules governing constitutional conventions. A convention would be an unpredictable Pandora\u2019s Box; the last one, in 1787, resulted in a brand-new Constitution. One group advocating for a \u201cConvention of States\u201d openly discusses the possibility of using the process to undo hard-won civil rights and civil liberties advances and undermine basic rights extended throughout history as our nation strove to deliver on the promise of a democracy that works for everyone.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>THREAT OF LEGAL DISPUTES:<\/strong> No judicial, legislative, or executive body would have clear authority to settle disputes about a convention, opening the process to chaos and protracted legal battles that would threaten the functioning of our democracy and economy.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>APPLICATION PROCESS UNCERTAINTY:<\/strong> There is no clear process on how Congress or any other governmental body would count and add up Article V applications, or if Congress and the states could restrain the convention\u2019s mandate based on those applications.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>POSSIBILITY OF UNEQUAL REPRESENTATION:<\/strong> It is unclear how states would choose delegates to a convention, how states and citizens would be represented in a convention, and who would ultimately get to vote on items raised in a convention.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simply put, an Article V constitutional convention is a dangerous and uncontrollable process that would put Americans' constitutional rights up for grabs.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At a time when extreme gerrymandering has created unprecedented polarization and big money buys access and influence for a few very wealthy special interests, a new constitutional convention would lead to chaos; the interests of everyday Americans would be shut out of the ultimate closed-door meeting. There would be no way to limit the scope of a constitutional convention and no way to guarantee that our civil liberties and constitutional process would be protected.<\/p>\r\nThe constitutional rights and civil liberties that could be impacted in an Article V convention include the <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">freedom of speech, freedom of religion, privacy rights, the guarantee of equal protection under law, the right to vote, immigration issues, and the right to counsel and a jury trial.<\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Bipartisan Group of Legislators &amp; Organizations Oppose an Article V Convention<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to the threat of a runaway convention and the lack of rules to protect Americans' constitutional rights, more than 240 public interest, civil rights, government reform, labor, environmental, immigration, and constitutional rights organizations <a href=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ConCon-Opposition-Letter-March-2019.pdf\">released a statement<\/a> in April 2017 opposing calls for an Article V constitutional convention. Organizational signers of the letter include\u00a0<b><strong>Common <\/strong><\/b><b><strong>Cause<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>Center on Budget and Policy Priorities<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>Democracy<\/strong><\/b><b><strong>21<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>AFL-CIO<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>AFSCME<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>Americans for Democratic Action<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>League of Women Voters of the United States<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>Dream Defenders<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>Sierra Club<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>NAACP<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>National Council of La Raza Action Fund<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>National Education Association<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0(<b><strong>NEA<\/strong><\/b>),\u00a0<b><strong>SEIU<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>Campaign Legal Center<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>Greenpeace<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>People<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0<b><strong>For<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0<b><strong>the <\/strong><\/b><b><strong>American<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0<b><strong>Way<\/strong><\/b>,\u00a0<b><strong>Daily<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0<b><strong>Kos<\/strong><\/b>, the\u00a0<b><strong>National Women's Law Center<\/strong><\/b>, and the\u00a0<b><strong>Brennan Center for Justice<\/strong><\/b>.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As stated in the letter, the organizations \"strongly urge state legislatures to oppose efforts to pass a resolution to call for a constitutional convention\" and \"urge state legislatures to rescind any application for an Article V constitutional convention in order to protect all Americans\u2019 constitutional rights and privileges from being put at risk and up for grabs.\"<\/p>\r\nAlthough pro-convention campaigns are being proposed on the right and left, Democratic and Republican legislators alike have opposed calls for a new convention due to the threat it poses to Americans\u2019 civil rights and liberties. During the 2023 legislative sessions, Republican-controlled legislative chambers in Idaho, South Dakota, North Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming <a href=\"http:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/issues\/more-democracy-reforms\/constitutional-convention\/gop-legislators-articlev.pdf\">voted against<\/a> calls for an Article V convention proposed by conservative groups. Likewise, Democratic controlled legislatures in Delaware, New Mexico, Maryland, Nevada, and Colorado have recently rescinded their applications for an Article V convention for a balanced budget amendment in recent years. In the last five years, numerous legislative committees and chambers controlled by both parties rejected Article V convention applications in New Mexico, Idaho, Colorado, Maryland, Hawaii, South Dakota, Massachusetts, Kansas, Virginia, and New Hampshire.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Legal Scholars Warn of the Dangers of an Article V Convention<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<em>See a full list of quotes and writings from legal scholars <a href=\"https:\/\/defendourconstitution.org\/resource\/legal-scholars-warn-of-the-dangers-of-an-article-v-convention\/\">here<\/a>.<\/em>\r\n<div class=\"newsgrids singlepage\">\r\n<div class=\"singleitem\">\r\n<div class=\"entry\">\r\n\r\n\u201c[T]here is no way to effectively limit or muzzle the actions of a Constitutional Convention. The Convention could make its own rules and set its own agenda.\u00a0 Congress might try to limit the convention to one amendment or one issue, but there is no way to assure that the Convention would obey.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/i2i.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Burger-letter2.pdf\">Warren Burger<\/a><\/strong><strong>, Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1969-1986)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cI certainly would not want a constitutional convention. Whoa! Who knows what would come out of it?\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.abajournal.com\/news\/article\/how_scalia_and_ginsburg_would_amend_the_constitution\/\">Antonin Scalia<\/a><\/strong><strong>, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1986-2016)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThere is no enforceable mechanism to prevent a convention from reporting out wholesale changes to our Constitution and Bill of Rights.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbpp.org\/sites\/default\/files\/atoms\/files\/7-16-14sfp.pdf\">Arthur Goldberg<\/a><\/strong><strong>, Associate Justice of the US. Supreme Court (1962-1965)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cQuestions about such a convention have been debated\u00a0for years by legal scholars and political commentators, without\u00a0resolution.\u00a0Who would serve as delegates? What authority would they be\u00a0given? Who would establish the procedures under which the\u00a0convention would be governed? What limits would prevent a\u00a0\u201crunaway\u201d convention from proposing radical changes affecting\u00a0basic liberties?\u2026With these thorny issues\u00a0unsettled, it should come as no surprise that warning flags are\u00a0being raised about a constitutional convention.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/montanacourts.org\/portals\/189\/leg\/1987\/house\/02-16-hsa.pdf\">Archibald Cox<\/a>, Solicitor General of the United States (1961-1965) and special prosecutor for the U.S. Department of Justice (1973)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cAny new constitutional convention must have the authority to study, debate, and submit to the states for ratification whatever amendments it considers appropriate\u2026If the legislatures of thirty-four states request Congress to call a general constitutional convention, Congress has a constitutional duty to summon such a convention. If those thirty -four states recommend in their applications that the convention consider only a particular subject, Congress still must call a convention and leave to the convention the ultimate determination of the agenda and the nature of the amendments it may choose to propose.\u201d \u2013 \u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everycrsreport.com\/files\/20140411_R42589_f565d06c544815456eb3805d4f52c2b5749d36b7.pdf\">Walter E. Dellinger<\/a>, Solicitor General of the United States (1996-1997) and the Douglas B. Maggs Professor Emeritus of Law at Duke University<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cFirst of all, we have developed orderly procedures over the past couple of centuries for resolving [some of the many] ambiguities [in the Constitution], but no comparable procedures for resolving [questions surrounding a convention]. Second, difficult interpretive questions about the Bill of Rights or the scope of the taxing power or the commerce power tend to arise one at a time, while questions surrounding the convention process would more or less need to be resolved all at once. And third, the stakes in this case in this instance are vastly greater, because what you\u2019re doing is putting the whole Constitution up for grabs.\u201d \u2013<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbpp.org\/sites\/default\/files\/atoms\/files\/7-16-14sfp.pdf\">Laurence Tribe<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of constitutional law at Harvard Law School<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThe bigger threat is that a constitutional convention, once unleashed on the nation, would be free to rewrite or scrap any parts of the U.S. Constitution. Do we really want to open up our nation\u2019s core defining values to debate at a time when a serious candidate for the White House brags about his enthusiasm for torture and the surveillance state, wants to \u201copen up\u201d reporters to lawsuits, scoffs at the separation of powers and holds ideas about freedom of religion that are selective at best?\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/la-oe-super-constitutional-convention-balanced-budget-amendment-20160706-snap-story.html\">David Super<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at Georgetown University<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cNote what [Article V] does not say. It says not a word expressly authorizing the states, Congress, or some combination of the two to confine the subject matter of a convention. It says not a word about whether Congress, in calculating whether the requisite 34 states have called for a convention, must (or must not) aggregate calls for a convention on, say, a balanced budget, with differently worded calls arising from related or perhaps even unrelated topics. It says not a word prescribing that the make-up of a convention, as many conservatives imagine, will be one-state-one-vote (as Alaska and Wyoming might hope) or whether states with larger populations should be given larger delegations (as California and New York would surely argue).\u201d-\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cato.org\/publications\/commentary\/article-v-constitutional-convention\">Walter Olson<\/a><\/strong><strong>, senior fellow at the Cato Institute\u2019s Center for Constitutional Studies<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cDanger lies ahead. Setting aside the long odds, if California and 33 more states invoke Article V, there\u2019s a risk that we\u2019d end up with a \u201crunaway\u201d convention, during which delegates would propose amendments on issues including abortion, gun rights and immigration.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/la-oe-0106-hasen-constitutional-convention-campaign-finance-20160106-story.html\">Rick Hasen<\/a><\/strong><strong>, Chancellor\u2019s Professor of Law and Political Science at the University of California, Irvine<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cHolding a Constitutional convention when the U.S. is embroiled in extremely toxic, uninformed and polarized politics is a really, really bad idea.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sheilakennedy.net\/2017\/03\/another-constitutional-convention-perish-the-thought\/\">Shelia Kennedy<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law and policy at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cBut no rule or law limits the scope of a state-called constitutional convention. Without established legal procedures, the entire document would be laid bare for wholesale revision. Article V itself sheds no light on the most basic procedures for such a convention. How many delegates does each state get at the convention? Is it one state, one vote, or do states with larger populations, like California, get a larger share of the votes? The Supreme Court has made at least one thing clear \u2014 it will not intervene in the process or the result of a constitutional convention. The game has neither rules nor referees.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.idahostatesman.com\/opinion\/readers-opinion\/article130502289.html\">McKay Cunningham<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at Concordia University<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThe result will be a disaster. I hate to think of the worst-case scenario. At best, the fight over every step along the way would consume our country\u2019s political oxygen for years.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.azcentral.com\/story\/news\/politics\/legislature\/2017\/09\/09\/article-v-constitutional-convention-planners-convene-in-arizona\/618218001\/\">David Marcus<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at the University of Arizona<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cAt present, there are no rules regarding who can participate, give money, lobby or have a voice in a constitutional convention. There are no rules about conflicts of interest, disclosure of who is giving or expending money. No rules exist that address political action committees, corporate or labor union involvement or how any other groups can or should participate. Not only might legitimate voices of the people be silenced by convention rules, but special interests may be given privilege to speak and affect the deliberations\u2026there are no rules limiting what can be debated at a constitutional convention. Given the potential domination by special interests, who knows the result?\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.twincities.com\/2018\/03\/18\/david-schultz-why-a-constitutional-convention-is-a-bad-idea\/\">David Schultz<\/a><\/strong><strong>, political science and election law professor at Hamline University<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cAn Article V convention might propose an amendment to restore or expand the liberties of the American people, but it also could propose an amendment that diminishes the liberties of the American people, or of some of the people.\u00a0\u201c \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.heritage.org\/the-constitution\/report\/consideration-convention-propose-amendments-under-article-v-the-us\">John Malcolm<\/a><\/strong><strong>, director of the Heritage Foundation\u2019s Edwin Meese III Center for Legal and Judicial Studies<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cBut nothing in the Constitution limits such a convention to the issue or issues for which it was called. In other words, anything and everything could be on the table, including fundamental constitutional rights. Nor are there any guarantees about who would participate or under what rules. Indeed, for these reasons, no constitutional convention has been called since the first in 1787.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.denverpost.com\/2018\/04\/20\/gambling-with-our-constitution\/\">Helen Norton<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor and Ira C. Rothgerber, Jr. Chair in Constitutional Law at the University of Colorado<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThe lack of clear rules of the road, either in the text of the Constitution itself or in historical or legal precedent, makes the selection of the convention mechanism a choice whose risks dramatically outweigh any potential benefits.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.baltimoresun.com\/news\/opinion\/oped\/bs-ed-op-0327-constitutional-convention-20180326-story.html\">Richard Boldt<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at the University of Maryland<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cWe live in deeply partisan times. There are no certainties about how a constitutional convention would play out, but the most likely outcome is that it would deepen our partisan divisions. Because there are no clear constitutional rules defining a convention\u2019s procedures, a convention\u2019s \u201closers\u201d may deem illegitimate any resulting changes. Regardless of the ultimate outcome, the process itself would likely worsen our already vicious national politics.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.omaha.com\/opinion\/midlands-voices-the-dangers-of-a-constitutional-convention\/article_23467288-56aa-5a1b-8b58-8f1b3b203fdd.html\">Eric Berger<\/a><\/strong><strong>, associate dean professor of law at the University of Nebraska College of Law<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThere are no such guarantees. This is uncharted territory\u2026We should not now abandon the very document that has held us together as a nation for over two and one quarter centuries.\u00a0Rewriting the Constitution is a dangerous errand that would not only unravel the legal ties that have kept us together for so long but would also undermine our sense of national identity and the way that view ourselves as a people.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.spokesman.com\/blogs\/boise\/2017\/feb\/22\/professors-warns-dangers-article-v-constitutional-convention\/\">William Marshall<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at\u00a0University of North Carolina<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cTerrible idea\u2026Today\u2019s politicians don\u2019t have the timeless brilliance of our framers. If we were to rewrite our constitution today, we wouldn\u2019t get a particularly good one.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/voices\/2016\/01\/26\/voices-constitutional-convention-greg-abbott\/78849240\/\">Adam Winkler<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of constitutional law and history at the University of California, Los Angeles<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cI believe it\u2019s a time for constitutional sobriety. It\u2019s a time to keep our powder dry and not to move on an uncharted course. We are not the founding fathers. This would be disastrous.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.azcentral.com\/story\/news\/politics\/legislature\/2017\/09\/09\/article-v-constitutional-convention-planners-convene-in-arizona\/618218001\/\">Toni Massaro<\/a><\/strong><strong>, constitutional law professor at the University of Arizona<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cHaving taught constitutional law for almost 40 years, and having studied constitutions from around the globe, I have difficulty imagining anything worse.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cjonline.com\/news\/20180218\/sharp-division-marks-kansas-debate-on-joining-campaign-for-us-constitutional-convention\">Bill Rich<\/a><\/strong><strong>,\u00a0professor of law at Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThere are no constitutional limits on what the convention could do, no matter what the states say going into it.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wpr.org\/wisconsin-senate-could-call-national-constitutional-convention\">David Schwartz<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at the University of Wisconsin Law School<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThe Constitution allows for the calling of conventions on a petition of enough states, but not limited conventions of enough states. If the delegates decide they don\u2019t want to be bound by the (state) resolution, they are right that they can\u2019t be bound.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pressherald.com\/2018\/03\/01\/maine-resolutions-would-aid-scheme-to-rewrite-u-s-constitution\/\">Richard H. Fallon Jr.<\/a><\/strong><strong>, constitutional law professor at Harvard University<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cOnce you open the door to a constitutional convention, there are no sure guidelines left. This is the constitutional equivalent of opening a can of worms.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.desmoinesregister.com\/story\/opinion\/columnists\/iowa-view\/2018\/04\/09\/iowa-senate-united-states-constitution-resolution-8\/500999002\/\">Miguel Schor<\/a><\/strong><strong>, constitutional law professor at Drake University School of Law<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThus, neither the states nor Congress may limit the convention to specific subjects. While the goal to propose a balanced budget amendment may provide guidance to the convention, it would not have the force of law\u2026Put simply, the rewards of any constitutional change is not worth the risks of a convention. \u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.courier-journal.com\/story\/opinion\/contributors\/2018\/07\/02\/why-kentucky-constitutional-convention-call-terrible-idea\/750786002\/\">Sam Marcosson<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at the University of Louisville<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cEven more frightening is that the entire Constitution will be in play during a convention. The First Amendment could disappear, so could gun rights. There is no guarantee that any of our current constitutionally protected rights would be included in a new constitution. The only guarantee is that all of those rights would be imperiled.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.richmond.com\/opinion\/their-opinion\/guest-columnists\/mark-rush-column-the-last-thing-we-need-right-now\/article_b4b9459c-49ba-512a-9d21-6e923a926161.html\">Mark Rush<\/a><\/strong><strong>,\u00a0the Waxberg Professor of Politics and Law at Washington and Lee University in Lexington<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cMost significantly, we advise the Legislature that a federal constitutional convention called with this resolution could potentially open up each and every provision of the United States Constitution to amendment or repeal. In other words, a federal constitutional convention could propose amendments to eliminate the protections of free speech; the protections against racial discrimination; the protections of freedom of religion; or any of the other myriad provisions that presently provide the backbone of American law.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.capitol.hawaii.gov\/Session2018\/Testimony\/SCR76_TESTIMONY_JDC_03-27-18_.PDF\">March 2018 legislative testimony<\/a><\/strong><strong>\u00a0of Russell Suzuki, Acting Attorney General, and Deirdre Marie-Iha, Deputy Attorney General, of the state of Hawaii<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cWhatever one thinks about these proposed amendments, trying to pass them through an Article V convention is a risky business. The Constitution does not specify how the delegates for such a convention would be chosen, how many delegates each state would have, what rules would apply at the convention or whether there would be any limits on what amendments the convention could consider. A convention that was called to address a specific issue, such as budget deficits, might propose changes to freedom of speech, the right to keep and bear arms, the Electoral College or anything else in the Constitution. There is no rule or precedent saying what the proper scope of the convention\u2019s work would be.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kansascity.com\/opinion\/readers-opinion\/guest-commentary\/article218141540.html\">Allen Rostron<\/a><\/strong><strong>, associate dean for students, the William R. Jacques Constitutional Law Scholar, and a professor at the University of Missouri<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cWhether I like or dislike the specific proposal is not the point \u2014 the point is that a constitutional convention is a risky and potentially dangerous way to propose amendments.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seattletimes.com\/opinion\/on-eve-of-constitution-day-defend-the-proper-protocol-for-changing-it\/\">Hugh Spitzer<\/a><\/strong><strong>, professor of law at the University of Washington School of Law<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cA Constitutional Convention could be dangerous and destructive to our country, and citizens should approach the idea with the same wariness the founders did\u2026Do we really want to tinker with this nation\u2019s fundamental rights \u2013 especially at a time when our country is deeply divided politically? Let\u2019s not risk opening what could be a Pandora\u2019s box of chaos and an existential crisis for the country.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.courier-journal.com\/story\/opinion\/contributors\/2017\/02\/23\/dont-open-pandoras-box-clayton\/98294544\/\">Dewey M. Clayton<\/a>, professor of political science at the University of Louisville<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cIf a national constitutional convention were held, all of our rights under the current Constitution, and all of the government\u2019s reciprocal obligations, would be up for grabs. Nothing in the Constitution constrains the process that would apply if a convention is actually called. Anything could go, including the process for ratification itself, and there would be no Constitution cop on the block to ensure that things don\u2019t go seriously haywire.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/immigration\/414897-its-very-difficult-to-change-the-constitution-on-purpose\">Kim Wehle<\/a>,\u00a0professor at the University of Baltimore School of Law and a former assistant U.S. attorney and associate independent counsel in the Whitewater investigation<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cAmendment by convention has never been attempted and little is certain about the powers and prerogatives of such a convention. The basic problem is that there appears to be no effective way to limit the convention\u2019s scope once it is called.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/defendourconstitution.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/AG-Office-Advice-Letter.pdf\">Stephen H. Sach<\/a>, Attorney General of Maryland (1979-1987)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cIt is unclear, for instance, what the agenda of the convention that the states would call would be. Some people even think that the scope of the convention would be unlimited, and that makes a lot of very rational people wary of making the whole Constitution up for grabs.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard-jlpp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/02\/McGinnis-FINAL.pdf\">John O. McGinnis<\/a>, the George C. Dix Professor in Constitutional Law at Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThe dangers stem largely from the fact that it is an uncharted course\u2026The alternative route in Article V is one that has never been\u00a0taken. This route is obviously legitimate, but it is an unknown\u2026Moreover, the convention would\u00a0have a plausible case for taking an even broader view of its\u00a0agenda. Convention delegates could claim that they represent the people who elected them, and that they are entitled\u00a0to deal with any constitutional issue of major concern to\u00a0their constituency.\u00a0The states, quite unthinkingly and without consideration of the implications, have started a process that may\u00a0eventually produce a shock to them and to the country. It is a\u00a0process of undeliberate constitution making that would\u00a0make James Madison turn over in his grave.\u201d \u2013<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/AEIForums31.pdf\">Gerald Gunther<\/a>, constitutional law scholar and professor of law at Stanford Law School<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cIn these contentious times, democratic institutions, norms, and views are under unprecedented stress. When debating whether to adopt a resolution to apply to Congress to call for an Article V Convention, Maryland legislators should keep in mind the possibility that the call could add to a widespread perception of national disarray and push the American Republic closer to a breaking point. The perils of an Article V Convention running amok and altering the core framework of the American Republic are high. This method of reform should therefore be used only as a last resort.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scholars.org\/contribution\/need-caution-amidst-calls-national-constitutional-convention\">Miguel Gonz\u00e1lez-Marcos<\/a>, professor of law at the University of Maryland<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cThere is a risk of a runaway convention.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibtimes.com\/political-capital\/koch-brothers-want-new-constitution-theyre-closer-you-think-2552039\">Michael Gerhardt<\/a>, constitutional law professor at the University of North Carolina School of Law<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cSo the fear among some people is that if we were to have such a constitutional convention that the whole Constitution would be up in the air again. It might be possible that the whole thing would be undermined, and no one would know going in what might replace it.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pilotonline.com\/news\/government\/politics\/virginia\/article_e8d201cf-a66f-534c-a458-3f86e56d0fed.html\">Daniel Ortiz<\/a>, constitutional law professor at the University of Virginia<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cFirst, the national convention method may not result in any amendment, because it generates many uncertainties that can defeat the passage of an amendment. These uncertainties include what the legal rules are that govern the amendment process, what actions the other states will take, what role the Congress will play, and what amendment the convention will propose. Second, this method may result in a different amendment than the one that the state legislature desired through a runaway convention. Even if the state legislature specifically provided that the convention should only address a particular amendment, it is quite possible that the convention could propose an entirely different amendment and that amendment would then be ratified by the states.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.virginialawreview.org\/sites\/virginialawreview.org\/files\/1509_1.pdf\"><strong>Michael B. Rappaport<\/strong><\/a><strong>, professor of law at the University of San Diego<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cGiven that Article V contains no safeguards to restrain delegates, or instructions for choosing delegates, no part of the Constitution would be off limits. While some advocating for a convention may claim to care only about one issue, invoking Article V in this way would put the most basic parts of our democracy at risk. Extremists would have free rein to everything from our systems of checks and balances, to our most cherished rights, such as freedom of speech and voting for our leaders.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/judiciary\/406581-a-campaign-to-rewrite-the-constitution-is-underway\">Wilfred Codrington<\/a>, fellow and counsel at the Brennan Center for Justice<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cI want to raise the alarm on a dangerous and little-known campaign organized by a small, powerful group of wealthy special interests who seek to call an Article V convention to rewrite this foundational document. Such a convention poses a grave danger to the rights and freedoms we all hold dear, but it also puts at grave risk the body of national environmental laws and the expert institutions that implement them\u2026There are no rules outlined in the Constitution for how the process of a convention would unfold. We must consider the agenda of those who are lobbying so hard for this convention and how they would seek to gain influence.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesargus.com\/opinion\/commentary\/to-protect-the-environment-we-must-first-protect-the-constitution\/article_cd22608b-0a50-514b-88b2-0ca8f6f41251.html\">Patrick Parenteau<\/a>, professor of law at Vermont Law School<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u201cIn this politically fractured time, some state legislatures have called for a convention to rewrite the U.S. Constitution. Article V of the Constitution provides for such a process, but a convention has never before been convened and, and if it occurred, would have no set rules, no predictable outcome.\u201d \u2013<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/defendourconstitution.org\/blog\/now-is-not-the-time-to-rewrite-the-u-s-constitution\/\">Justin Pidot<\/a>, professor of law at the University of Arizona<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Newspaper Editorial Boards Oppose Calls for a Constitutional Convention<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cMany of us can point to one constitutional provision or another that we believe we could improve upon if given a chance. But a convention could do great damage to a charter that, on balance, has worked pretty well for a pretty long time. To take such a risk on behalf of a stupendously unworthy cause such as a balanced-budget amendment would be foolhardy in the extreme.\u201d -\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/were-surprisingly-close-to-a-new-constitutional-convention-bad-idea\/2017\/04\/06\/f6d5b76a-197d-11e7-855e-4824bbb5d748_story.html\">The Washington Post<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cA convention would be impossible to control. Nothing in the Constitution gives Congress or the Supreme Court the power to tell the conventioneers what to do, or not do. A convention might be tasked to draft a balanced budget amendment and then decide that it wants to radically change the nature of the federal government or its relationship with the states. It might take up a passion of the moment by, say, limiting immigration by nationality or religious affiliation. It would have nearly unfettered powers to tinker with the DNA of America's 240-year-old democracy.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/opinion\/2016\/01\/06\/marco-rubio-constitutional-convention-balanced-budget-editorials-debates\/78328702\/\">USA Today<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cSupporters will tell you that the convention would be limited to writing an amendment on a balanced budget. But once assembled, those in attendance might find they have an appetite for more changes. Maybe there\u2019d be a temptation to curb all those annoying protests by limiting the freedom to assemble. Or to make this a more Christian nation by messing with the freedom to worship. Or to act against mass shootings by taking out any right to bear arms. Or to move against what the president has labeled as \u201cthe enemy of the people,\u201d a free media.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jsonline.com\/story\/opinion\/2017\/03\/25\/editorial-holding-constitutional-convention-risky\/99623540\/\">Milwaukee Journal Sentinel<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Convening a summit to amend the U.S. Constitution in today\u2019s world of polarized-and-social-media-ized politics would be like giving a baby a ball-peen hammer \u2014 there's no telling what the damage would be.\" -\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dallasnews.com\/opinion\/opinion\/2017\/05\/02\/nothing-conservative-gov-abbotts-push-convention-amend-us-constitution\">The Dallas Morning News<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere\u2019s good reason why this has never happened: There are no rules, and for every \u201cgood\u201d idea for an amendment that a convention could produce, there are several \u201cbad\u201d ones that could also result from it.\u201d \u2013<b><strong><i><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/i><\/strong><\/b><em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.star-telegram.com\/opinion\/editorials\/article101888577.html\">The Fort Worth Star-Telegram<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cOnce convened, however, delegates to the convention could radically rewrite the Constitution, a potentially dangerous development that should be avoided.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.knoxnews.com\/story\/opinion\/editorials\/2017\/02\/19\/convention-states-could-endanger-constitution\/97989906\/\">Knoxville News-Sentinel<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCalling a Convention sets a precedent that could endanger the very document so many Americans hold dear\u2026There\u2019s a reason a Constitutional Convention hasn\u2019t been called since 1787. Conservatives and others who value the nation\u2019s founding document should be wary of the can of worms a Constitutional Convention could open.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wvgazettemail.com\/daily-mail-opinion\/20160310\/daily-mail-editorial-is-call-for-constitutional-convention-a-good-idea?sthash.tRnmk9vx.mjjo\">Charleston Gazette-Mail<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe danger of such an event is that its delegates would run amok. No one can say with certainty what the government would look like after they got done reinventing the country.\u201d \u2013\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/journalstar.com\/news\/opinion\/editorial\/editorial-dodged-it-this-time\/article_c9e53722-6bb2-583c-9100-53b82e7be160.html\">The Lincoln Journal Star<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"With so little precedent to guide the proceedings, a constitutional convention would be messy, unpredictable and dangerous.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/host.madison.com\/wsj\/opinion\/editorial\/call-off-the-constitutional-convention\/article_1614532a-3ec8-5763-997f-463c822c5f07.html\">Wisconsin State Journal<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"A runaway convention, and that is very possible, could be a threat to the Bill of Rights. Liberal states might try to alter the Second Amendment. Conservatives might want to change the First Amendment making Christianity the official religion of the country. There are no limits or restrictions on what such a convention could address.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tulsaworld.com\/opinionhomepage2\/tulsa-world-editorial-constitutional-convention-a-bad-idea\/article_73accb98-7f74-5ddb-8423-7060812c330e.html\">Tulsa World<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"The first convention was guided by a presiding officer who put country above politics. That\u2019s another reason why a second convention should be avoided. There is no George Washington among us today.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.greensboro.com\/opinion\/n_and_r_editorials\/our-opinion-u-s-doesn-t-need-a-new-convention\/article_ad77ab61-9468-5328-8ea8-e8e67ea6a627.html\">Greensboro News &amp; Record<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"It is a misguided effort that has the potential to corrupt the Constitution, splinter an already divided nation and give smaller, less-populous states disproportionate political influence over larger states, including Ohio...The United States today is in need of more unity, and a constitutional convention would divide, not unify, the nation\u2019s states and people.\" -\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vindy.com\/news\/2017\/may\/08\/constitutional-convention-is-a-bad-idea-\/\">The Youngstown Vindicator<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"A constitutional convention might not sound like such a bad idea if it stopped there. But a convention, once convened, could go in other directions.\" -<em><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.caller.com\/story\/opinion\/editorials\/2017\/05\/13\/states-plan-blow-up-constitution\/101594938\/\">Corpus Christi Caller-Times<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"America hasn\u2019t held a constitutional convention since 1787. Given the quality of the statesmen we have today compared with then, and given the dangerous polarization that marks the United States today, calling one now could spiral into unknown territory and is an exceedingly bad idea.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.charlotteobserver.com\/opinion\/editorials\/article157926739.html\">The Charlotte Observer<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Supporters generally say they want the convention to write a balanced-budget amendment. Other ideas are floating out there, too, including term limits for Congress, refiguring how federal judges are chosen or allowing a vote of state legislatures to override Supreme Court rulings. As New Hanover County's Rep. Deb Butler wisely pointed out, this is a dangerous proposition -- a bit like putting an Uzi in the hands of a toddler with a tantrum. Feelings are high right now, and an angry faction could do things that rest of us will regret for a long, long time.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.starnewsonline.com\/entertainment\/20170711\/editorial-july-11-nc-house-wisely-sinks-constitutional-convention\">The Wilmington Star News<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"The problem with the Convention of States Project is that once the convention of states is called, there is no real limit on what amendments could be proposed. It is a radical method of amending the U.S. Constitution that should be reserved as an option of last resort.\" -\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www2.ljworld.com\/news\/2018\/mar\/11\/editorial-waste-time\/\">Lawrence World-Journal<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n\"The most dangerous part of such a convention is that it could become a roaring freight train, full of all kinds of heavy things, and without constitutional brakes it could become unstoppable. The Constitution of the United States gives states this power, should they use it, but doesn't give them much direction. Who would be named as convention delegates? How many per state? Would it be open to the public? (The last one wasn't.) Do we really need ephemeral matters of today enshrined in the Constitution, when perhaps laws would be better?\" - <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arkansasonline.com\/news\/2019\/feb\/15\/unlucky-13-20190215\/\">Arkansas Democrat-Gazette<\/a><\/em><\/strong>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"What would happen at a convention of states?. We don\u2019t know, because everyone who thinks about this has different ideas about what needs to be done. A part of the Constitution that means something important to one person is another person\u2019s problem.\" -<em><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.godanriver.com\/opinion\/editorials\/convention-of-states-not-a-good-idea-right-now\/article_0df60ba4-b880-11e4-828a-df8f3d7c3e9f.html\">Danville Register &amp; Bee<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n\"We should be mindful \u2014 and cautious \u2014 of these convention pitches, in part because the of proposals\u2019 origins on both sides.\" - <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesargus.com\/opinion\/editorials\/constitutional-crisis\/article_dc7c4223-2cba-5dd6-b080-16bea0d522a8.html\">The Barre Montpelier Times Argus<\/a><\/em><\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: normal !important;\"><strong>Key Media Coverage of the Article V Convention Threat<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<strong>Huff Post:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffpost.com\/entry\/mark-meckler-article-five-constitutional-convention_n_6086c380e4b09cce6c143b10\">A Radical Right-Wing Dream To Rewrite The Constitution Is Close To Coming True<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Travis Waldron; April 27, 2021\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Associated Press:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/wisconsin-constitutions-scott-walker-politics-business-0079f922a810f82336a64b4ac6a3a214\">Budget hawks hatch plan to force constitutional convention<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Michael Biesecker; July 31, 2020\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Washington Post: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/blogs\/post-partisan\/wp\/2018\/09\/04\/the-biggest-threat-to-democracy-that-nobody-is-talking-about\/\">The biggest threat to democracy that nobody is talking about<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Jonathan Capehart; September 4, 2018\r\n\r\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Guardian: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2018\/aug\/11\/conservatives-call-for-constitutional-convention-alec\">Conservatives call for constitutional intervention last seen 230 years ago<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Jamiles Lartey; August 11, 2018\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Center for Public Integrity<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicintegrity.org\/2018\/07\/30\/21967\/how-mock-convention-helping-fuel-movement-change-constitution\">How a mock convention is helping fuel a movement to change the Constitution<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Sanya Mansoor; July 30, 2018\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Economist: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/briefing\/21729735-if-it-did-would-be-dangerous-thing-america-might-see-new-constitutional-convention\">America might see a new constitutional convention in a few years<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Dan Rosenheck; September 30, 2017\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>USA Today:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/politics\/2017\/06\/12\/jim-demint-joins-group-that-wants-to-amend-constitution-tea-party\/102748540\/\">In latest job, Jim DeMint wants to give Tea Party ' a new mission'<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Fredreka Schouten; June 12, 2017\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Splinter News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/splinternews.com\/right-wing-billionaires-are-buying-themselves-a-new-con-1793960357\">Right-Wing Billionaires Are Buying Themselves a New Constitution<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Brendan O\u2019Connor; April 4, 2017\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Salon: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salon.com\/2017\/03\/12\/hey-wouldnt-it-be-cool-to-have-a-constitutional-convention-oh-hell-no\/\">Hey, wouldn\u2019t it be cool to have a constitutional convention? Oh, hell no<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Paul Rosenberg; March 12, 2017\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Dallas Morning News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dallasnews.com\/news\/texas-legislature\/2017\/03\/01\/major-conservatives-piggy-banks-behind-texas-obsession-amending-constitution\">Mega-rich conservative donors are behind Texas' obsession with amending the Constitution<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Brandi Grissom; March 1, 2017\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The New York Times:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/08\/23\/us\/inside-the-conservative-push-for-states-to-amend-the-constitution.html\">Inside the Conservative Push for States to Amend the Constitution<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Michael Wines; August 22, 2016\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Slate: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/news_and_politics\/politics\/2016\/01\/_liberals_and_conservatives_are_teaming_up_to_call_a_new_constitutional.html\">Liberals and conservatives are teaming up to call a new constitutional convention<\/a>\r\n\r\nby Ashley Balcerzak; January 26, 2016"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_email_signup","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_email_signup":{"":null,"small_title":"Take Action","large_title":"Tell your lawmakers to hold firm against an Article V convention.","action_network_embed":"https:\/\/actionnetwork.org\/widgets\/v3\/petition\/protect-our-constitution-no-article-v-convention-2?format=js&source=widget","disclaimer":"<strong>To: State lawmakers \r\n\r\nWe must not allow unelected, unaccountable delegates to rewrite our Constitution with zero checks and balances. Reject any and all calls for an Article V convention."}}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>U.S. Constitution Threatened as Article V Convention Movement Nears Success - Common Cause<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/mapagkukunan-2\/nagbanta-ang-konstitusyon-sa-amin-habang-nalalapit-sa-tagumpay-ang-kilusang-kombensiyon-ng-artikulo-v\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"U.S. Constitution Threatened as Article V Convention Movement Nears Success\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/mapagkukunan-2\/nagbanta-ang-konstitusyon-sa-amin-habang-nalalapit-sa-tagumpay-ang-kilusang-kombensiyon-ng-artikulo-v\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Common Cause\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CommonCause\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/CC-Share-Graphic-Main9.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CommonCause\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/u-s-constitution-threatened-as-article-v-convention-movement-nears-success\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/u-s-constitution-threatened-as-article-v-convention-movement-nears-success\/\",\"name\":\"U.S. Constitution Threatened as Article V Convention Movement Nears Success - 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