{"id":12003,"date":"2022-06-07T13:25:55","date_gmt":"2022-06-07T17:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/"},"modified":"2024-06-13T19:51:51","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T23:51:51","slug":"power-shift-kung-paano-maaaring-gawin-ng-mga-tao-ang-nra-report","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/","title":{"rendered":"Power Shift: Paano Magagawa ng mga Tao ang Ulat ng NRA"},"template":"","class_list":["post-12003","resource","type-resource","status-publish","hentry","resource_type-report"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"Fixing our gun violence problem will require fixing our democracy \u2014 but together, ordinary people can take on the gun lobby and win.","featured_image":"","resource_type":150,"authors":"","related_issues":[2082,137],"related_work":false,"location":46},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":"","name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h3><strong>Ang pag-aayos sa ating problema sa karahasan sa baril ay mangangailangan ng pag-aayos sa ating demokrasya \u2014 ngunit sama-sama, ang mga ordinaryong tao ay maaaring humarap sa gun lobby at manalo.<\/strong><\/h3>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Executive Summary<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<ul>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s influence and political success is more than its campaign spending \u2013 it has built a sophisticated organizing operation with a grassroots base. In 2015 it paid more than <strong>$20 million<\/strong> to a single vendor that focuses on building the NRA\u2019s membership.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s policy positions do not match some of the core policy preferences of its members. Surveys show that about three-in-four NRA members support universal criminal background checks for all gun sales \u2013 a policy that the NRA vehemently opposes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The gun industry relies on the NRA\u2019s lobbying power as a de facto trade association. Although no definitive number exists, independent estimates show that corporate partners of the NRA have contributed between <strong>$19.3 million<\/strong> and <strong>$60.2 million<\/strong> to the organization, with one firearms retailer declaring that it has contributed at least <strong>$15 million<\/strong> to the NRA\u2019s Institute for Legislative Action.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA\u2019s employees and PAC have contributed about <strong>$23 million<\/strong> directly to federal candidates and parties since 1989, and about <strong>$17 million<\/strong> to state candidates and committees since 1990. Interests favoring tighter gun laws have only contributed about <strong>$4.3 million<\/strong> to federal candidates and parties. <em>(Common Cause analysis of campaign finance and lobbying data relied in part upon tools and analysis made available by the Center for Responsive Politics and the National Institute on Money in State Politics. )<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>But direct campaign contributions are only a drop in the NRA\u2019s bucket compared to its independent spending in recent years. Empowered by the Supreme Court\u2019s decision in Citizens United, the NRA reported spending at least <strong>$54 million on independent expenditures during the 2016 federal election cycle.<\/strong> Other estimates put the number closer to <strong>$70 million<\/strong> \u2013 accounting for spending on certain field and internet operations that is not reported on FEC reports. Its reported 2016 election spending was nearly double the <strong>$27 million<\/strong> it spent during the 2014 midterms and more than double the <strong>$19 million<\/strong> it spent during the 2012 presidential election.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>About <strong>$34 million<\/strong> of the <strong>$54 million<\/strong> it spent on independent expenditures in federal elections in 2016 \u2013 <strong>more than 60% of that spending<\/strong> \u2013 flowed through the NRA\u2019s <strong>Institute for Legislative Action<\/strong>, an arm of the NRA that is not required to disclose its donors.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The NRA also lobbies extensively to pursue its agenda \u2013 in recent years it has increased its federal lobbying spending dramatically, from <strong>$1,815,000<\/strong> in 2007 to <strong>$5,122,000<\/strong> in 2017. In addition to its gun-related legislation, the NRA has lobbied against efforts to shine a light on secret spending in politics, including the DISCLOSE Act. The NRA also uses the American Legislative Exchange Council [ALEC] to push its pro-gun laws at the state level<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Although this report does not recommend specific policies to reduce gun violence, it proposes solutions to boost the political power of Americans of every political persuasion, including the overwhelming number of people who support changes to our gun laws to save lives. Solutions include making voting more fair and accessible, including <strong>automatic voter registration, pre-registration for 16- and 17-year olds, and early voting; changing the way we pay for political campaigns to empower all Americans, not just the wealthy few; shining a light on secret spending in politics; <\/strong>and<strong> ending gerrymandering.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Panimula<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"After a lone gunman killed 14 students and three faculty members and wounded more than a dozen others at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, FL, on Valentine\u2019s Day, young survivors of the massacre resolved to tackle the formidable power of the gun lobby across America.\r\n\r\nIn just a few weeks, the Parkland students have captured the nation\u2019s imagination and brought new energy into the long running efforts to regulate gun ownership. They\u2019ve pushed the Florida legislature and Gov. Rick Scott to tighten the state\u2019s gun laws, faced down the president at the White House, and led their fellow students at thousands of high schools across the country in a dramatic, peaceful walkout to demand stronger laws to protect their lives. Now they\u2019re planning a mammoth \u201cMarch for Our Lives\u201d down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, with sibling marches in cities and towns throughout the country and around the globe to demand that lives and safety \u201cbecome a priority and that we end gun violence and mass shootings in our schools today.\u201d\r\n\r\nGun violence is now a leading cause of death in the United States. Every year on average, more than 35,000 people die from gun violence, and another 81,000 survive after being shot, according to the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. <a id=\"return-note-24-1\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Key Gun Violence Statistics, Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, http:\/\/www.bradycampaign.org\/key-gun-violence-statistics (huling na-access noong Marso 10, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-1\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a> Ang karahasan ay hindi proporsyonal na nakakaapekto sa mga komunidad ng kulay; Ang mga itim na lalaki ay 13 beses na mas malamang kaysa sa mga puting lalaki na mabaril at mapatay ng baril <a id=\"return-note-24-2\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Gun Violence by the Numbers, Everytown for Gun Safety, https:\/\/everytownresearch.org\/gun-violence-by-the-numbers\/ (huling na-access noong Marso 10, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-2\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a> at ang mga itim na bata ay namamatay mula sa mga pagpatay na may kaugnayan sa baril sa bilis na sampung beses kaysa sa mga puting bata, ayon sa isang pag-aaral ng Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. <a id=\"return-note-24-3\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Emily Weyrauch, &quot;Ang mga Itim na Bata ay 10 Beses na Mas Malamang na Mamatay Mula sa Mga Baril kaysa sa mga Puti na Bata, Sabi ng Pag-aaral,&quot; Time, Hunyo 20, 2017, http:\/\/time.com\/4823524\/gun-violence-black-children-study\/ .\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-3\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThe death tolls from single-day mass shootings continue to reach new records. Last year, 58 concertgoers died and another 500 were injured at a country music festival in Las Vegas. The year before, 49 people were shot to death and another 50 injured at an Orlando LGBTQ nightclub. Those mass shootings surpassed the death tolls of the Virginia Tech massacre, which left 32 college students and professors dead in 2007, and the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, in which 20 children \u2013 ages six and seven \u2013 and six teachers were murdered in what President Obama called the single worst day of his presidency.\r\n\r\nVarious policies to tighten gun laws enjoy wide support. According to a February 2018 poll by Quinnipiac University, \u201csupport for universal background checks, a mandatory waiting period for firearm purchases, and an assault weapon ban came in at 97%, 83%, and 67% respectively.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-4\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Jamie Ducharme, \u201cMaraming Amerikano kaysa Kailanman ay Sumusuporta sa Mas Mahigpit na Batas sa Baril, Mga Paghahanap ng Poll,\u201d Oras, Peb. 20, 2018, http:\/\/time.com\/5167216\/americans-gun-control-support-poll-2018\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-4\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nIf our political system worked as intended, with everyone enjoying an equal voice in the decisions that affect our lives, our families and our communities, such a combination of facts, backed by public opinion, already would have yielded substantial changes in our gun laws.\r\n\r\nBut the truth is that our system has been thrown out of balance by the power of moneyed interests, including the gun lobby and the weapons industry. In many places \u2013 especially Congress \u2013 many with the power to act instead express their \u201cthoughts and prayers\u201d and move on without making any substantive changes to our laws.\r\n\r\nMany cite the National Rifle Association\u2019s political spending as an explanation for our elected leaders\u2019 intransigence on this issue. And with good reason \u2013 the NRA boasts that it has 5 million members (a number that some dispute) and spends tens of millions of dollars on politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-5\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Christopher Ingraham, &quot;Walang Nakaaalam Kung Paano May Mga Miyembro ng Tao ang NRA, Ngunit Nag-aalok ang Mga Pagbabalik ng Buwis Nito ng Ilang Clues,&quot; Wash. Post, Peb. 26, 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/ 02\/26\/walang-alam-kung-ilan-ang-mga-miyembro-ng-nra-ngunit-nagbabalik-buwis-ito-nag-aalok-ng-ilang-mga-pahiwatig\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-5\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/a> But as this report makes clear, the NRA\u2019s power goes beyond its campaign spending. It has created a sophisticated grassroots operation to push its agenda in statehouses and in Congress.\r\n\r\nThe NRA\u2019s political influence, however, is no match for the power of the American voter \u2013 provided we make our voices heard at every election, and if we solve some underlying governance challenges that skew policy in favor of wealthy special interests.\r\n\r\nThis report examines critical aspects of the NRA\u2019s perceived influence, and is intended to suggest solutions that will rebalance power to ensure that our democracy is responsive to our needs. This report does not recommend specific policies to reduce gun violence \u2013 but proposes solutions to boost the political power of Americans of every political persuasion \u2013 including the overwhelming number of people who support changes to our gun laws to save lives."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>The NRA\u2019s Organizing & Membership Base<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Voters hold the ultimate power in a democracy. Organized voters have more power than unorganized ones. The NRA\u2019s influence and political success extends beyond campaign contributions and independent expenditures and into political organizing and mobilizing of a grassroots base of voters who are known to vote frequently and follow the recommendations of the organization.\r\n\r\nKey to the power of the NRA and its affiliates is their grassroots base. The NRA claims \u201cnearly five million members,\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-6\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Isang Maikling Kasaysayan ng NRA, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/home.nra.org\/about-the-nra\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-6\"><sup>6<\/sup><\/a> ngunit imposibleng ma-verify ang numerong ito at may interes ang organisasyon sa pag-uulat ng napalaki o high-end na pagtatantya (kabilang ang mga aktibong &quot;habang buhay&quot; na membership mula sa mga namatay na indibidwal). <a id=\"return-note-24-7\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Christopher Ingraham, &quot;Walang Nakaaalam Kung Paano May Mga Miyembro ng Tao ang NRA, Ngunit Nag-aalok ang Mga Pagbabalik ng Buwis Nito ng Ilang Clues,&quot; Wash. Post, Peb. 26, 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/ 02\/26\/walang-alam-kung-ilan-ang-mga-miyembro-ng-nra-ngunit-nagbabalik-buwis-ito-nag-aalok-ng-ilang-mga-pahiwatig\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-7\"><sup>7<\/sup><\/a> Still, the NRA\u2019s membership is perceived by lawmakers as a powerful force that can be mobilized to support \u2013 or defeat \u2013 legislation and candidates.\r\n\r\nThe opinions of NRA members do not necessarily match perfectly with the policies the NRA promotes. While some NRA members join the organization because they support the policy goals and political advocacy, many others join for the extensive benefits and services provided \u2013 including discounted insurance, access to private clubs, a print magazine, and firearms safety classes, to name a few. This helps grow the NRA\u2019s membership ranks and creates a cycle of membership engagement from lifestyle (discounts and a magazine) to politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-8\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Hahrie Han, \u201cGusto mo ba ng Gun Control? Learn from the NRA,\u201d NY Times, Okt. 4, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/10\/04\/opinion\/gun-control-nra-vegas.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-8\"><sup>8<\/sup><\/a> Pagkatapos ng pamamaril sa Parkland, gayunpaman, ang isang bilang ng mga kasosyo sa korporasyon ng NRA ay muling sinuri ang kanilang kaugnayan sa organisasyon. <a id=\"return-note-24-9\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Barbara Goldberg at Gina Cherelus, \u201cCorporate Partners Cut Cord with NRA as Gun Control Debate Rages,\u201d Reuters, Peb. 23, 2018, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-guns-boycott\/corporate- partners-cut-cord-with-nra-as-gun-control-debate-rages-idUSKCN1G71OX.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-9\"><sup>9<\/sup><\/a> It may have a long-term impact.\r\n\r\nIndividuals can become leaders within the NRA as firearms instructors or coaches. With 125,000 instructors <a id=\"return-note-24-10\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"NRA Firearm Training, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/firearmtraining.nra.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-10\"><sup>10<\/sup><\/a> (training 1 million people each year) the NRA gives volunteers a significant role in building the organization. NRA members may have joined for the discounts, but are constantly recruited to take leadership roles, as well as join in political activities supporting the NRA leadership\u2019s positions.\r\n\r\nThere\u2019s strong evidence that the NRA\u2019s policy and lobbying priorities reflect the priorities of gun manufacturers more than rank-and-file members.\r\n\r\nThe gun industry relies on the NRA\u2019s lobbying power as a \u201cde facto trade association\u201d according to one expert. <a id=\"return-note-24-11\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"&quot;Paano Nakatali ang Industriya ng Baril ng America Sa NRA,&quot; NPR, Marso 13, 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/13\/593255356\/how-americas-gun-industry-is-tied-to -ang-nra.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-11\"><sup>11<\/sup><\/a> Ang pagsalungat sa pinalawak na mga pagsusuri sa background - at iba pang mga hakbang tulad ng pagtataas ng pinakamababang edad para bumili ng mahabang baril o assault rifle - ay mga priyoridad ng industriya ng baril, na makikitang lumiliit ang mga kita nito sa mga repormang ito. Ngunit maraming survey (kabilang ang mula sa kilalang Republican pollster na si Frank Luntz <a id=\"return-note-24-12\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Edith Honan, &quot;Nakahanap ng Mga May-ari ng Baril ang Poll, Kahit na Mga Miyembro ng NRA, Ibalik ang Ilang Mga Paghihigpit,&quot; https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-shooting-denver-guns\/poll-finds-gun-owners-even- nra-members-back-some-restrictions-idUSBRE86O02O20120725.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-12\"><sup>12<\/sup><\/a>) ay nalaman na humigit-kumulang tatlo sa apat na miyembro ng NRA na na-survey ay sumusuporta sa mga pangkalahatang pagsusuri sa background ng kriminal ng sinumang bumibili ng baril, <a id=\"return-note-24-13\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Colleen L. Barry, Ph. D., et al, &quot;Pagkatapos ng Newtown -Public Opinion sa Patakaran sa Baril at Sakit sa Pag-iisip,&quot; New England Journal of Medicine, Marso 21, 2013, http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/ full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1300512?query=featured_home&amp;.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-13\"><sup>13<\/sup><\/a> isang patakarang mahigpit na tinututulan ng NRA. <a id=\"return-note-24-14\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Background Checks for Guns, National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action, Ago. 8, 2016, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/get-the-facts\/background-checks-nics\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-14\"><sup>14<\/sup><\/a> Ang sistema ng letter-grade ng NRA ay nagpapatibay ng walang kompromiso na diskarte sa pampulitikang adbokasiya na may banta na ang mga miyembro ng NRA ay iboboto sa labas ng opisina ang sinumang opisyal na hindi tumatanggap ng &quot;A&quot; na grado. <a id=\"return-note-24-15\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Eric Lipton at Alexander Burns, \u201cThe True Source of the NRA&#039;s Clout: Mobilization, Not Donations,\u201d Peb. 24, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/24\/us\/politics\/nra-gun -control-florida.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-15\"><sup>15<\/sup><\/a> Even if NRA members personally agree with policies like universal background checks, the industry opposition is reflected in the letter grades of candidates.\r\n\r\nEven if a majority of NRA members demanded change, the structure and bylaws of the organization might prevent it. Only those who have been NRA members for at least five years (or have signed up for a lifetime membership) can vote in NRA elections. And NRA officials and members who cross Executive Vice President Wayne LaPierre, who is close with the gun industry, are forced out or marginalized. <a id=\"return-note-24-16\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Chris McGreal, &#039;The NRA Didn&#039;t Tolerate Dissent Well:&#039; How the Gun Lobby Stays on Message, The Guardian, Okt. 23, 2015, https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2015\/oct\/23 \/national-rifle-association-gun-lobby-wayne-lapierre\/\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-16\"><sup>16<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThe large media presence of the NRA (seven print and online magazines, popular YouTube and other social media channels) also helps it recruit new members and highlights the importance of its political activities. With a constant barrage of stories and commentary that vilifies the NRA\u2019s political opponents and reinforces a feeling that the freedom of gun owners is under attack from powerful forces, the NRA membership is primed and motivated to vote. Some of the NRA\u2019s recent digital videos evince extreme hostility to the media, echoing President Trump\u2019s attacks on journalists and a free press.\r\n\r\nBuilding a grassroots base of support takes significant resources. The NRA paid more than $20 million in 2015 to a single membership-building vendor. <a id=\"return-note-24-17\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"2015 IRS Form 990 para sa National Rifle Association, https:\/\/projects.propublica.org\/nonprofits\/organizations\/530116130.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-17\"><sup>17<\/sup><\/a> Nakakatulong din ang mga corporate ties nito sa organisasyon na bumuo ng membership nito. Ang pagpopondo ng NRA ay nagmumula sa mga bayarin sa pagiging miyembro, kasama ang mga donasyon mula sa mga tagagawa ng baril at mga grupo ng interes sa pulitika; kabilang sa huling grupo ang Freedom Partners na suportado ng pamilya ng Koch, na nag-ambag ng humigit-kumulang $5 milyon sa NRA noong 2014. <a id=\"return-note-24-18\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018). https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/contrib.php?cmte=C90013301&amp;cycle=2016\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-18\"><sup>18<\/sup><\/a> Bagama&#039;t hindi naglalabas ang NRA ng mga detalye tungkol sa mga donasyon mula sa mga manlalaro ng industriya ng baril, ang independiyenteng pagsusuri ng Violence Policy Center ay nagpapakita na mula noong 2005, ang \u201ccorporate partners\u201d (sa NRA parlance) ay nag-donate sa pagitan ng $19.3 milyon at $60.2 milyon sa organisasyon. <a id=\"return-note-24-19\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Violence Policy Center, Blood Money II: How Gun Industry Dollars Fund the NRA, Set. 13, 2015 http:\/\/www.vpc.org\/studies\/bloodmoney2.pdf.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-19\"><sup>19<\/sup><\/a> Isang kumpanya ng baril, ang MidwayUSA, ay buong pagmamalaki na nagsasaad sa website nito na nag-donate ito ng halos $15 milyon sa NRA. <a id=\"return-note-24-20\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Pagsuporta sa NRA, Midway USA, https:\/\/www.midwayusa.com\/nra-support.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-20\"><sup>20<\/sup><\/a> Tumatanggap din ang NRA ng milyun-milyon mula sa industriya ng baril upang i-advertise ang kanilang mga produkto sa mga publikasyong NRA. <a id=\"return-note-24-21\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Walter Hickey, &quot;Here&#039;s Who the NRA Really Represents,&quot; Business Insider, Dis. 19, 2012, http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/the-nra-has-sold-out-to-the-gun-industry-to -maging-kanilang-top-crisis-pr-firm-2012-12.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-21\"><sup>21<\/sup><\/a> At ang tagagawa ng baril na Taurus ay nagbibigay ng libreng membership sa NRA sa bawat pagbili. <a id=\"return-note-24-22\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Salamat sa Pagbili ng Baril mula sa Taurus, https:\/\/www.taurususa.com\/pdf\/NRA\/Taurus-NRA-Free-Membership-Print.pdf.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-22\"><sup>22<\/sup><\/a>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Paggastos sa Halalan ng NRA<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Of the groups and organizations that promote the interests of the gun industry, the NRA is by far the biggest political spender.\r\n\r\nIts spending has increased significantly in recent years. Empowered by the Supreme Court\u2019s decision in <em>Nagkakaisa ang mga mamamayan<\/em> at iba pang mga kaso, ang NRA ay gumagastos ng mas maraming pera sa bawat cycle ng halalan upang pumili ng mga kandidato na gagawa ng bidding nito at susuporta sa agenda ng patakaran nito, at talunin ang mga hindi. At ang mahalaga, pwede rin <em>pagbabanta<\/em> to spend money for and against candidates. The threat alone can advance or stall policy because elected officials fear that the NRA will spend whatever it takes to defeat them.\r\n\r\nSince 1989, the NRA \u2013 measured by money from its PACs and employees \u2013 has contributed approximately <strong>$23 milyon<\/strong> direkta sa mga pederal na kandidato, partido, at iba pang komiteng pampulitika, ayon sa Center for Responsive Politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-23\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-23\"><sup>23<\/sup><\/a> Ang pera nito ay halos eksklusibong sumusuporta sa mga Republikano. Ang mga kaalyado ng NRA tulad ng Safari Club International, National Shooting Sports Foundation, at Gun Owners of America ay gumagawa ng bulto ng iba pang mga pro-gun na donasyon, para sa isang malaking kabuuan ng <strong>$42 milyon<\/strong> mula sa pro-gun lobby mula noong 1989. <a id=\"return-note-24-24\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Id.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-24\"><sup>24<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nSa antas ng estado, ang NRA ay nakapag-ambag man lang <strong>$17 milyon<\/strong> sa mga kandidato at komite ng estado mula noong 1990, ayon sa data na magagamit ng National Institute on Money in State Politics. <a id=\"return-note-24-25\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Common Cause analysis ng mga numero na ibinigay ng National Institute for Money in State Politics, https:\/\/www.followthemoney.org\/show-me?f-fc=2&amp;d-eid=1854#[{1|gro=y (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-25\"><sup>25<\/sup><\/a> Ang paggastos ng pro-gun lobby ay higit na higit kaysa sa mga grupong pumapabor sa mas mahigpit na batas ng baril - ang huli ay gumastos lamang <strong>$4.3 milyon<\/strong> mula noong 1989. <a id=\"return-note-24-26\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-26\"><sup>26<\/sup><\/a><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-176\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions.png 1050w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/pro-vs-anti-contributions-1024x437.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1050\" height=\"448\" \/>\r\n\r\nBut direct contributions per election cycle are only a drop in the NRA\u2019s campaign bucket.\r\n\r\nThe NRA spends most of its election money on \u201cindependent expenditures\u201d \u2013 not campaign contributions. Often, these take the form of paid advertisements calling for the election or defeat of candidates.\r\n\r\nThe NRA greatly boosted its independent spending after the Supreme Court decided Citizens United in 2010; that ruling declared that corporations \u2013 including some nonprofits like the NRA \u2013 have a constitutional right to spend unlimited amounts to influence elections.\r\n\r\nIn the 2016 federal election cycle alone, the NRA spent at least <strong>$54 milyon<\/strong> sa mga independiyenteng paggasta sa mga pederal na halalan \u2014 $37 milyon laban sa mga Demokratiko, $17.3 milyon para sa mga Republikano, at $265 lamang para sa mga Demokratiko. <a id=\"return-note-24-27\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-27\"><sup>27<\/sup><\/a> Halos doble iyon <strong>$27 milyon<\/strong> ginugol nito noong 2014 midterms at higit sa doble ang <strong>$19 milyon<\/strong> ginugol ito noong 2012 presidential election. <a id=\"return-note-24-28\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Id.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-28\"><sup>28<\/sup><\/a> Ang mga independiyenteng paggasta ng NRA ay mas mataas kaysa sa $3 milyon sa independiyenteng paggasta ng mga grupong nagsusulong ng mas mahigpit na batas sa baril noong 2016, at ang <strong>$8.6 milyon<\/strong> ang mga pangkat na iyon na ginugol noong 2014. <a id=\"return-note-24-29\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-29\"><sup>29<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-175\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1069px) 100vw, 1069px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending.png 1069w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-768x400.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-federal-campaign-spending-1024x534.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1069\" height=\"557\" \/>\r\n\r\nAng Korte Suprema ay pinagtibay na ang mga Amerikano ay may karapatang malaman kung sino ang gumagastos ng pera upang maimpluwensyahan ang kanilang mga boto at ang kanilang mga pananaw. Inendorso ng walong mahistrado ang kahalagahan ng pagsisiwalat sa <em>Nagkakaisa ang mga mamamayan<\/em>, kahit na ang iba pang opinyon (na may suporta lamang ng limang mahistrado) ay nagpakita kung gaano wala ang ugnayan ng Korte sa kung paano pinapatakbo ang mga kampanya sa pamamagitan ng maling pag-aakalang mayroon nang sapat na pagsisiwalat.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<blockquote>\u201cThe court declared, \u2018With the advent of the Internet, prompt disclosure of expenditures can provide shareholders and citizens with the information needed to hold corporations and elected officials accountable for their positions and supporters.\u2019 It also said that disclosure \u2018permits citizens and shareholders to react to the speech of corporate entities in a proper way. This transparency enables the electorate to make informed decisions and give proper weight to different speakers and messages.\u2019 And the court expressed enthusiasm that technology today makes disclosure \u2018rapid and informative.\u2019 What went wrong? The court\u2019s vision of disclosure and transparency is nowhere in sight. In fact, campaign finance in the United States has, by many measures, fallen into an era dominated by \u2018dark money,\u2019 with donors hiding in the shadows and hundreds of millions of dollars of contributions flowing through politics without a trace of who gave it or why.\u201d\r\n\r\nWashington Post Editorial Board, January 20, 2015<\/blockquote>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Unfortunately, any comprehensive analysis of the NRA\u2019s political spending is inherently incomplete. The NRA uses its \u201cInstitute for Legislative Action\u201d [ILA] to do most of its political spending. The ILA is an arm of the NRA that keeps its donors secret. About <strong>$34 million<\/strong> of the <strong>$54 million<\/strong> that the NRA reported to the Federal Election Commission in the 2016 cycle \u2013 <strong>more than 60% of its total<\/strong> \u2013 came through the ILA. <a id=\"return-note-24-30\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (last accessed March 14, 2018).\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-30\"><sup>30<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nSecond, some campaign spending often goes unreported because our laws have not kept pace with how groups use changing technology to influence elections. As McClatchy reported in 2016, \u201ctwo people with close connections to the powerful gun lobby said its total election spending [during the 2016 cycle] actually <strong>approached or exceeded $70 million<\/strong> [far more than the $54 million reported to the FEC]. The reporting gap could be explained by the fact that independent groups are not required to reveal how much they spend on [certain] Internet or field operations, including get-out-the-vote efforts.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-31\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Peter Stone and Greg Gordon, \u201cFBI Investigating Whether Russian Money Went to the NRA to Help Trump,\u201d McClatchy, Jan. 23, 2018, http:\/\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/national\/article195231139.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-31\"><sup>31<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nThere is also the matter of foreign interference in our elections. The FBI is investigating whether Russian nationals who are close to the Kremlin \u201cfunneled money to the National Rifle Association to help Donald Trump win the election,\u201d according to McClatchy. <a id=\"return-note-24-32\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Id.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-32\"><sup>32<\/sup><\/a> Moreover, \u201ca prominent Kremlin-linked Russian politician has methodically cultivated ties with leaders of the National Rifle Association and documented efforts in real time over six years to leverage those connections and gain deeper access into American politics,\u201d according to NPR. <a id=\"return-note-24-33\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Tim Mak, \u201cDepth of Russian Politician\u2019s Cultivation of NRA Ties Revealed,\u201d NPR, March 1, 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/01\/590076949\/depth-of-russian-politicians-cultivation-of-nra-ties-revealed.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-33\"><sup>33<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_174\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"963\"]<img class=\"wp-image-174 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 963px) 100vw, 963px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending.png 963w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending-300x285.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-campaign-spending-768x730.png 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"963\" height=\"915\" \/> Common Cause analysis of data from the Center for Responsive Politics; includes direct contributions to candidates from NRA employees and its PAC as well as indirect support via independent expenditures. Only includes spending from 1989 to the present.[\/caption]"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Paggastos sa Lobbying ng NRA<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Lobbying is another strategy that the NRA uses to accomplish its political goals. It is a prolific spender on Capitol Hill.\r\n\r\nIn recent years, the NRA has increased its federal lobbying spending dramatically, going from <strong>$1,815,000<\/strong> in 2007 to <strong>$5,122,000<\/strong> in 2017 \u2014 more than a <strong>182<\/strong>% increase.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_173\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1034\"]<img class=\"wp-image-173 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1034px) 100vw, 1034px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures.png 1034w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-768x440.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/nra-lobbying-expenditures-1024x587.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1034\" height=\"593\" \/> Common Cause analysis of lobbying data from Center for Responsive Politics[\/caption]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">NRA Federal Lobbying Expenditure<\/p>\r\nIts federal lobbying has secured votes on some of its priorities \u2013 and blocked bills that it opposes.\r\n\r\nSince Congress passed an assault weapons ban in 1994, which it allowed to expire in 2004, not much substantive gun legislation has been signed into law. One exception is the \u201c<strong>Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act;<\/strong>\u201d President George W. Bush signed it in 2005. The law shields corporations which manufacture and sell weapons from liability when their products harm people. The NRA called this legislation a \u201cvitally important first step toward ending the anti-gun lobby\u2019s shameless attempts to bankrupt the American firearms industry.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-34\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act,\u201d National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action,\u201d April 1, 2010, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/articles\/20100401\/protection-of-lawful-commerce-in-arms.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-34\"><sup>34<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nOther gun measures have all failed. The House and Senate have voted on proposals to close the \u201cgun show loophole\u201d to require purchasers at gun shows to undergo background checks and three-day waiting periods. None have gone to the president\u2019s desk.\r\n\r\nOther NRA priorities have gained momentum. In 2017, the House of Representatives passed the \u201c<strong>Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act<\/strong>\u201d to permit concealed handguns across state lines. It awaits action in the Senate. The NRA has pushed this proposal as one of its priority bills.\r\n\r\nThe NRA\u2019s legislative advocacy is not limited to gun-related legislation, however. It has also been a stalwart opponent of the <strong>DISCLOSE Act<\/strong>, legislation that would shine a light on secret money in politics, including the money that is flowing through its Institute for Legislative Action, as discussed above. In 2017 \u2013 a year after it spent $33 million from secret sources influencing the 2016 election \u2013 the NRA listed the DISCLOSE Act as one of the bills it paid its lobbyists to defeat. The DISCLOSE Act is one of the bills that the NRA lists most frequently on its lobbying reports."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Nakipag-ugnayan ang NRA sa American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Much of the NRA\u2019s work occurs at the state level, where it has used the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) to pursue its policy agenda. One of the most notorious laws that the NRA has pushed for the past decade is known as \u201cstand your ground.\u201d\r\n\r\nALEC brings state legislators and corporate lobbyists together behind closed doors to draft and plot the passage of \u201cmodel legislation\u201d that furthers the corporate interests of its members. <a id=\"return-note-24-35\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Mike McIntire, \u201cConservative Nonprofit Acts as a Stealth Business Lobbyist,\u201d New York Times, Abril 21, 2012, http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/04\/22\/us\/alec-a-tax-exempt-group -mixes-legislators-and-lobbyists.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-35\"><sup>35<\/sup><\/a> ALEC\u2019s state legislative members take the model bills and introduce them in state legislatures throughout the country. ALEC staff offers state legislators talking points, boilerplate press releases, and other support to help push the bills over the finish line. ALEC describes itself as a charity, but Common Cause has filed a whistleblower complaint with the Internal Revenue Service challenging its charitable tax status, which gives ALEC\u2019s corporate donors a tax write-off for their support of the work that ALEC does to influence corporate-backed legislation.\r\n\r\nIn 2005, Florida adopted a \u201cstand your ground\u201d law that grants individuals a right to use deadly force, without any duty to retreat, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to \u201cprevent death or great bodily harm \u2026 or to prevent he commission of a forcible felony.\u201d <a id=\"return-note-24-36\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Pambansang Kumperensya ng mga Lehislatura ng Estado, \u201cSelf Defense and &#039;Stand Your Ground,&#039;\u201d Marso 9, 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand- iyong-lupa.aspx\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-36\"><sup>36<\/sup><\/a> Sa ibang paraan, ang &quot;panindigan mo&quot; ay isang &quot;doktrina sa pagtatanggol sa sarili na mahalagang pinahihintulutan ang sinuman na nakakaramdam ng banta sa isang paghaharap na barilin ang kanilang paraan,&quot; ayon kay Mother Jones. <a id=\"return-note-24-37\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Adam Weinstein, &quot;Paano Nakatulong ang NRA at ang mga Kaalyado Nito sa Pagpapalaganap ng Radical Gun Law sa Buong Bansa,&quot; Hunyo 7, 2012, Mother Jones, https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2012\/06\/nra-alec-stand-your -lupa\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-37\"><sup>37<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nMatapos maipasa ng Florida ang &quot;tumayo sa iyong paninindigan,&quot; ang noo&#039;y Executive Vice President ng NRA na si Wayne LaPierre ay nagsabi na ito ay &quot;ang unang hakbang ng isang multi-state na diskarte. Mayroong isang malaking tailwind na mayroon tayo, ang paglipat mula sa lehislatura ng estado patungo sa lehislatura ng estado.&quot; <a id=\"return-note-24-38\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Manuel Roig-Franzia, \u201cFla. Gun Law to Expand Leeway for Self-Defense,\u201d Abril 25, 2005, Washington Post, http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2005\/04\/25\/AR2005042501553.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-38\"><sup>38<\/sup><\/a>\r\n\r\nSa tulong ng ALEC, naramdaman ang tailwind sa buong bansa. Kinuha ng isang tagalobi ng NRA ang batas sa Florida at nakipagtulungan sa mga miyembro ng ALEC sa &quot;Criminal Justice Task Force&quot; ng ALEC upang bumalangkas ng modelong batas na &quot;stand your ground&quot; na ipinasa sa iba&#039;t ibang anyo <a id=\"return-note-24-39\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"John Nichols, \u201cPaano Kinuha ni ALEC ang Florida&#039;s License to Kill&#039; Law National, The Nation, Marso 22, 2012, https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/how-alec-took-floridas-license-kill-law- pambansa\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-39\"><sup>39<\/sup><\/a> sa hindi bababa sa 24 na estado. <a id=\"return-note-24-40\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Pambansang Kumperensya ng mga Lehislatura ng Estado, \u201cSelf Defense and &#039;Stand Your Ground,&#039;\u201d Marso 9, 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand- iyong-lupa.aspx\/.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-40\"><sup>40<\/sup><\/a> Ang batas ng Florida ay pinag-uusapan sa pambansang pampublikong paglilitis kay George Zimmerman, na napawalang-sala sa mga batayan ng pagtatanggol sa sarili matapos patayin si Trayvon Martin, isang walang armas na Black teenager, noong 2012.<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-172\" src=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1226px) 100vw, 1226px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground.png 1226w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-768x444.png 768w, https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2018\/03\/states-with-stand-your-ground-1024x591.png 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1226\" height=\"708\" \/>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Mga Solusyon sa Rebalance ng Ating Demokrasya<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Americans continue to organize to advance policies that will safeguard our communities from the crisis of gun violence. With every surge in the shocking violence affecting our towns, neighborhoods, and schools, people renew their pushes for changes to the laws that regulate how guns are bought, sold, and handled.\r\n\r\nDespite the public support they enjoy, most of these proposals stall. People often cite the NRA\u2019s political contributions as a major reason for the ongoing stalemate. And as this report has detailed, the NRA\u2019s organizing power and political spending are significant. Too many politicians are beholden to the NRA and fear its influence in their election.\r\n\r\nThat\u2019s where voters come in.\r\n\r\nOur democracy should be of, by, and for the people. We need to restore balance to our elections, and ensure everyone has an equal voice and equal say in the decisions that affect our lives \u2013 including laws that protect our schools, our homes, and our communities from gun violence.\r\n\r\nWorking together, we can strengthen our democracy to make our leaders more responsive to their real bosses \u2013 we the people. Here are five concrete solutions to shift power away from special interests like the NRA and empower the rest of us. There is more we must do \u2013 but here are places we can start to make our democracy more accountable and reflective.\r\n\r\n<strong>1. Magrehistro at bumoto!<\/strong> Ang pagboto ay ang pinakamahalagang kasangkapan na mayroon tayo bilang mga mamamayan upang panagutin ang ating mga halal na opisyal. Ang ating mga boto ay ginagawa tayong lahat na pantay-pantay at mas makapangyarihan kaysa sa ating napagtanto - ngunit kung tayo ay magpapakita at ihagis ang mga ito. Sa maraming hurisdiksyon, maaari kang magparehistro para bumoto online. Ang ibang mga lugar ay maaaring mangailangan sa iyo na magpadala ng isang form sa pagpaparehistro ng botante o dalhin ito sa iyong lokal na opisina sa mga halalan. Sa maraming estado, ang mga kabataan ay maaaring &quot;magparehistro&quot; para bumoto bago sila maging 18. Maaari mong malaman kung paano magparehistro sa iyong estado sa pamamagitan ng pagpunta sa <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vote.org\/\">http:\/\/www.vote.org\/<\/a>. Kung mayroon kang mga problema sa pagpaparehistro o anumang mga katanungan tungkol sa pagboto, kabilang ang kung anong uri ng pagkakakilanlan ang maaaring kailanganin mong dalhin sa mga botohan, ang mga patakaran para sa maagang pagboto, at ang lokasyon ng iyong lugar ng botohan, maaari kang tumawag sa isang nonpartisan Election Protection hotline na pinapatakbo ng Koalisyon sa Proteksyon sa Halalan. Ang numero ng telepono ay 866-OUR-VOTE; maaari mo ring bisitahin ang Election Protection coalition online sa <a href=\"http:\/\/www.866ourvote.org\/\">www.866OurVote.org<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>2. Himukin ang iyong estado na magpatupad ng mga patakaran para gawing moderno kung paano maaaring lumahok ang mga Amerikano sa proseso ng pagboto. Kasama sa mga patakaran ang pre-registration para sa 16- at 17 taong gulang, awtomatikong pagpaparehistro ng botante, at maagang pagboto.<\/strong> Ang bawat karapat-dapat na Amerikano ay may karapatang bumoto at ang proseso ay dapat sumasalamin sa paraan ng ating pamumuhay at pagtatrabaho sa ika-21 siglo. Ang pagboto ay dapat na maginhawa, ligtas, patas, at naa-access para sa lahat ng mga Amerikano. Nangangahulugan iyon ng pagpasa at pagpapatupad ng mga makabagong patakaran upang i-streamline ang proseso ng pagpaparehistro at gawing makabago ang pangangasiwa ng halalan.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Awtomatikong pagpaparehistro ng botante<\/strong> ay tutulong na gawing moderno ang mga hindi napapanahong sistema ng pagpaparehistro ng botante at mga database sa karamihan ng mga estado. Ang awtomatikong pagpaparehistro ng mga karapat-dapat na botante kapag nakipagnegosyo sila sa Mga Departamento ng Mga Sasakyang De-motor at iba pang ahensya ng gobyerno ay mag-streamline sa aming mga system. Inaprubahan ng siyam na estado at ng Distrito ng Columbia ang awtomatikong pagpaparehistro ng botante, at umuunlad ang momentum upang maipasa ang repormang ito sa karaniwang kahulugan sa ibang mga hurisdiksyon. Habang ipinapatupad ang patakarang ito, may potensyal itong magdagdag ng sampu-sampung milyong botante sa listahan ng mga botante.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Pre-registration para sa 16- at 17 taong gulang<\/strong> hinahayaan ang mga kabataan na mag-sign-up upang bumoto upang maiparinig nila ang kanilang mga boses sa unang halalan kung saan sila ay karapat-dapat na lumahok. Labing-anim na estado at ang Distrito ng Columbia ang may ganitong patakaran.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Maagang pagboto<\/strong> tumutulong na matiyak na ang pagboto ay patas at naa-access. Ang mga Amerikano ay dapat magkaroon ng ilang kakayahang umangkop pagdating sa pagboto ng kanilang mga balota. Pinahihintulutan ng karamihan ng mga estado ang ilang uri ng maagang pagboto sa isang takdang panahon bago ang halalan. Tinitiyak nito na ang mga Amerikano na nagtatrabaho o maaaring naglalakbay sa Araw ng Halalan ay maaaring bumoto. Gayunpaman, hindi pinahihintulutan ng 13 estado ang maagang pagboto at nangangailangan ng partikular na dahilan para bumoto ng lumiban. Matuto nang higit pa tungkol sa mga pamamaraan ng iyong estado sa pamamagitan ng pagbisita sa website ng nonpartisan na Proteksyon sa Halalan, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.866ourvote.org\/\">www.866OurVote.org<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>3. Baguhin ang paraan ng pagbabayad natin para sa mga kampanyang pampulitika upang bigyang kapangyarihan ang lahat ng Amerikano, hindi lamang ang iilan na mayayaman.<\/strong> Nangangahulugan ito ng pagpapalakas ng papel ng mga maliliit na donor ng dolyar sa ating mga halalan. Sa bawat siklo ng halalan, ang ating mga nahalal na pinuno ay umaasa sa mas malaki at mas malalaking kontribusyon mula sa mas maliit at mas maliit na bahagi ng ating populasyon. Bilang resulta, mas nakikinig ang aming mga lider sa iilang mga donor at interes na malalim ang bulsa kaysa sa pang-araw-araw na mga Amerikano. Upang matiyak na ang bawat isa ay may tunay na boses sa pulitika, kailangan namin ng mga patakaran na naglalagay sa mga maliliit na donor ng dolyar sa sentro ng pananalapi ng kampanya, gamit ang magkatugmang pampublikong pondo, mga kredito sa buwis, o maliliit na dolyar na voucher upang hikayatin at dagdagan ang kanilang pagbibigay. Ang pagbibigay ng suporta sa pampublikong pagpopondo upang palakasin ang papel ng mga ordinaryong Amerikano sa pagpopondo ng mga halalan ay nagbibigay-daan din sa mas maraming tao na tumakbo para sa katungkulan \u2013 pagtulong sa mga maghahalal ng mga may hawak ng opisina na higit na sumasalamin sa komunidad sa pangkalahatan \u2013 at nagpapahintulot sa mga kandidato na gumugol ng mas maraming oras sa pakikinig sa kanilang mga nasasakupan, at humahantong sa mga patakaran mas tumutugon sa mga pangangailangan ng publiko at hindi gaanong nalilihis ng mayayamang interes. Ang Connecticut ay may isa sa mga pinakaepektibong boluntaryong sistema ng halalan na pinondohan ng mamamayan sa ating bansa, na may higit sa 75% ng mga matagumpay na kandidato na lumalahok sa programa. Hindi tulad ng Kongreso, ang lehislatura ng Connecticut ay nagpasa ng malalaking pagbabago sa mga batas ng baril nito pagkatapos ng pamamaril sa Sandy Hook Elementary School. <a id=\"return-note-24-41\" class=\"simple-footnote\" title=\"Lisa W. Foderaro at Kristin Hussey, &quot;In Wake of Florida Massacre, Gun Control Advocates Look to Connecticut,&quot; NY Times, Peb. 17, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/17\/nyregion\/ florida-shooting-parkland-gun-control-connecticut.html.\" href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#note-24-41\"><sup>41<\/sup><\/a>Ipinagbawal ng estado ang higit sa 100 uri ng mga sandatang pang-atake, magazine ng baril na may kapasidad na higit sa 10 round, at pinalawak na mga pagsusuri sa background, bukod sa iba pang mga pagbabago sa mga batas nito. Ang mga malalaking munisipalidad sa buong bansa ay gumagamit ng mga programang ito.\r\n\r\n<strong>4. Lumiwanag sa lihim na pera sa pulitika.<\/strong> Ang isang malakas, ika-21 siglo na demokrasya ay nangangailangan ng malakas na transparency at mga batas sa pagsisiwalat upang malaman ng lahat kung sino ang nagpopondo sa mga kampanyang pampulitika. Ang lihim na pera sa halalan ay hindi katanggap-tanggap at hindi demokratiko. Mahigit sa $800 milyon mula sa mga lihim na pinagmumulan ang nahawahan ang ating mga halalan sa pederal na antas lamang mula noong Citizens United noong 2010. Gaya ng inilarawan sa itaas, ang bulto ng paggasta ng NRA sa mga nakaraang taon ay may napakalimitadong pagsisiwalat \u2013 at ito ay nakipaglaban nang husto upang panatilihin ito na paraan sa pamamagitan ng lobbying laban sa DISCLOSE Act sa Kongreso. Gayunpaman, ang mga estado tulad ng California, Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, New Mexico, at Rhode Island ay nangunguna sa mga pinahusay na batas sa pagsisiwalat para sa mga halalan ng estado.\r\n\r\n<strong>5. Lumikha ng #FairMaps at tapusin ang gerrymandering.<\/strong> Democracy should mean that everyone counts and has fair and equal representation. Voters should pick their elected representatives, rather than having politicians pick their constituents. Building off several legal victories and successes in creating strong systems in California and Arizona, efforts to implement solutions that increase fairness and transparency in drawing political boundaries are moving across the country. Redistricting that puts people first requires several elements. Every person living in a community must be fully and accurately counted. This can be achieved through improved census outreach and data collection while ending prison gerrymandering, the counting of prisoners where the prison is located instead of where they previously lived. Districts must adhere to the requirements of the Voting Rights Act and decision-makers should prioritize keeping communities of interest together. A transparent process that allows the public to fully engage requires meetings of decision-makers to be held in public, enforces strong conflict of interest protections, and makes data and software being used to draw districts publicly available. No deliberations among decision-makers should be kept from the people through legislative privilege or other means.\r\n\r\nOf course, none of these solutions alone will solve all our problems. But they will help to elevate the power of everyday Americans.\r\n\r\nTo learn more about these solutions, and to sign-up for action alerts nationally and in your state, sign-up at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/\">commoncause.org<\/a> at maghanda upang mag-plug-in at makilahok."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Mga Pasasalamat<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Common Cause was founded in 1970 by John Gardner. Common Cause is a nonpartisan, grassroots organization dedicated to upholding the core values of American democracy. We work to create open, honest, and accountable government that serves the public interest; promote equal rights, opportunity, and representation for all; and empower all people to make their voices heard in the political process.\r\n\r\nThis report was produced with the support of small dollar contributions from Americans who believe in transparent, open, and accountable government and a democracy that works for all of us.\r\n\r\nThis report was written by Stephen Spaulding and Jesse Littlewood of Common Cause.\r\n\r\nThe authors wish to express their thanks to Karen Hobert Flynn, Scott Swenson, Dale Eisman, and Paul Seamus Ryan of Common Cause for their advice on this report, and to Kerstin Diehn for her design."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Makipag-ugnayan sa Amin<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"Para sa mga katanungan sa media, mag-email kay David Vance sa dvance AT commoncause DOT org. Para sa feedback tungkol sa ulat o sa site na ito, mag-email sa CauseNet AT commoncause DOT org Upang makilahok sa gawain ng Common Cause na palakasin ang aming demokrasya, mag-email sa amin sa grassroots AT commoncause DOT org at ipaalam sa amin kung sino ka, kung saan ka nakatira, at kung ano ka Gusto kong magtrabaho."}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>Mga talababa<\/h2>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<ol>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-1\">Key Gun Violence Statistics, Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, http:\/\/www.bradycampaign.org\/key-gun-violence-statistics (huling na-access noong Marso 10, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-1\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-2\">Gun Violence by the Numbers, Everytown for Gun Safety, https:\/\/everytownresearch.org\/gun-violence-by-the-numbers\/ (huling na-access noong Marso 10, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-2\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-3\">Emily Weyrauch, &quot;Ang mga Itim na Bata ay 10 Beses na Mas Malamang na Mamatay Mula sa Mga Baril kaysa sa mga Puti na Bata, Sabi ng Pag-aaral,&quot; Time, Hunyo 20, 2017, http:\/\/time.com\/4823524\/gun-violence-black-children-study\/ . <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-3\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-4\">Jamie Ducharme, \u201cMaraming Amerikano kaysa Kailanman ay Sumusuporta sa Mas Mahigpit na Batas sa Baril, Mga Paghahanap ng Poll,\u201d Oras, Peb. 20, 2018, http:\/\/time.com\/5167216\/americans-gun-control-support-poll-2018\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-4\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-5\">Christopher Ingraham, &quot;Walang Nakaaalam Kung Paano May Mga Miyembro ng Tao ang NRA, Ngunit Nag-aalok ang Mga Pagbabalik ng Buwis Nito ng Ilang Clues,&quot; Wash. Post, Peb. 26, 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/ 02\/26\/walang-alam-kung-ilan-ang-mga-miyembro-ng-nra-ngunit-nagbabalik-buwis-ito-nag-aalok-ng-ilang-mga-pahiwatig\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-5\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-6\">Isang Maikling Kasaysayan ng NRA, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/home.nra.org\/about-the-nra\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-6\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-7\">Christopher Ingraham, &quot;Walang Nakaaalam Kung Paano May Mga Miyembro ng Tao ang NRA, Ngunit Nag-aalok ang Mga Pagbabalik ng Buwis Nito ng Ilang Clues,&quot; Wash. Post, Peb. 26, 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/wonk\/wp\/2018\/ 02\/26\/walang-alam-kung-ilan-ang-mga-miyembro-ng-nra-ngunit-nagbabalik-buwis-ito-nag-aalok-ng-ilang-mga-pahiwatig\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-7\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-8\">Hahrie Han, \u201cGusto mo ba ng Gun Control? Learn from the NRA,\u201d NY Times, Okt. 4, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/10\/04\/opinion\/gun-control-nra-vegas.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-8\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-9\">Barbara Goldberg at Gina Cherelus, \u201cCorporate Partners Cut Cord with NRA as Gun Control Debate Rages,\u201d Reuters, Peb. 23, 2018, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-guns-boycott\/corporate- partners-cut-cord-with-nra-as-gun-control-debate-rages-idUSKCN1G71OX. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-9\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-10\">NRA Firearm Training, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/firearmtraining.nra.org\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-10\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-11\">&quot;Paano Nakatali ang Industriya ng Baril ng America Sa NRA,&quot; NPR, Marso 13, 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/13\/593255356\/how-americas-gun-industry-is-tied-to -ang-nra. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-11\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-12\">Edith Honan, &quot;Nakahanap ng Mga May-ari ng Baril ang Poll, Kahit na Mga Miyembro ng NRA, Ibalik ang Ilang Mga Paghihigpit,&quot; https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-shooting-denver-guns\/poll-finds-gun-owners-even- nra-members-back-some-restrictions-idUSBRE86O02O20120725. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-12\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-13\">Colleen L. Barry, Ph. D., et al, &quot;Pagkatapos ng Newtown -Public Opinion sa Patakaran sa Baril at Sakit sa Pag-iisip,&quot; New England Journal of Medicine, Marso 21, 2013, http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/ full\/10.1056\/NEJMp1300512?query=featured_home&amp;. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-13\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-14\">Background Checks for Guns, National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action, Ago. 8, 2016, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/get-the-facts\/background-checks-nics\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-14\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-15\">Eric Lipton at Alexander Burns, \u201cThe True Source of the NRA&#039;s Clout: Mobilization, Not Donations,\u201d Peb. 24, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/24\/us\/politics\/nra-gun -control-florida.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-15\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-16\">Chris McGreal, &#039;The NRA Didn&#039;t Tolerate Dissent Well:&#039; How the Gun Lobby Stays on Message, The Guardian, Okt. 23, 2015, https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2015\/oct\/23 \/national-rifle-association-gun-lobby-wayne-lapierre\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-16\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-17\">2015 IRS Form 990 para sa National Rifle Association, https:\/\/projects.propublica.org\/nonprofits\/organizations\/530116130. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-17\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-18\">Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018). https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/contrib.php?cmte=C90013301&amp;cycle=2016 <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-18\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-19\">Violence Policy Center, Blood Money II: How Gun Industry Dollars Fund the NRA, Set. 13, 2015 http:\/\/www.vpc.org\/studies\/bloodmoney2.pdf. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-19\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-20\">Pagsuporta sa NRA, Midway USA, https:\/\/www.midwayusa.com\/nra-support. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-20\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-21\">Walter Hickey, &quot;Here&#039;s Who the NRA Really Represents,&quot; Business Insider, Dis. 19, 2012, http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/the-nra-has-sold-out-to-the-gun-industry-to -maging-kanilang-top-crisis-pr-firm-2012-12. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-21\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-22\">Salamat sa Pagbili ng Baril mula sa Taurus, https:\/\/www.taurususa.com\/pdf\/NRA\/Taurus-NRA-Free-Membership-Print.pdf. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-22\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-23\">Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-23\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-24\">Id. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-24\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-25\">Common Cause analysis ng mga numero na ibinigay ng National Institute for Money in State Politics, https:\/\/www.followthemoney.org\/show-me?f-fc=2&amp;d-eid=1854#[{1|gro=y (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-25\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-26\">Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-26\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-27\">Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-27\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-28\">Id. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-28\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-29\">Gun Rights vs. Gun Control, Center for Responsive Politics, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/news\/issues\/guns (huling na-access noong Marso 13, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-29\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-30\">Center for Responsive Politics, Outside Spending Summary 2016, National Rifle Association, https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/outsidespending\/detail.php?cycle=2016&amp;cmte=National+Rifle+Assn (huling na-access noong Marso 14, 2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-30\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-31\">Peter Stone at Greg Gordon, &quot;FBI Investigating Whether Russian Money Went to the NRA to Help Trump,&quot; McClatchy, Ene. 23, 2018, http:\/\/www.mcclatchydc.com\/news\/nation-world\/national\/article195231139.html . <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-31\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-32\">Id. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-32\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-33\">Tim Mak, &quot;Ang Lalim ng Paglilinang ng Pulitiko ng Russia sa NRA Ties Revealed,&quot; NPR, Marso 1, 2018, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/03\/01\/590076949\/depth-of-russian-politician-cultivation- ng-nra-tali-nabunyag. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-33\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-34\">Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act,\u201d National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action,\u201d Abril 1, 2010, https:\/\/www.nraila.org\/articles\/20100401\/protection-of-lawful-commerce-in-arms. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-34\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-35\">Mike McIntire, \u201cConservative Nonprofit Acts as a Stealth Business Lobbyist,\u201d New York Times, Abril 21, 2012, http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/04\/22\/us\/alec-a-tax-exempt-group -mixes-legislators-and-lobbyists.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-35\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-36\">Pambansang Kumperensya ng mga Lehislatura ng Estado, \u201cSelf Defense and &#039;Stand Your Ground,&#039;\u201d Marso 9, 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand- iyong-lupa.aspx\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-36\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-37\">Adam Weinstein, &quot;Paano Nakatulong ang NRA at ang mga Kaalyado Nito sa Pagpapalaganap ng Radical Gun Law sa Buong Bansa,&quot; Hunyo 7, 2012, Mother Jones, https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/politics\/2012\/06\/nra-alec-stand-your -lupa\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-37\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-38\">Manuel Roig-Franzia, \u201cFla. Gun Law to Expand Leeway for Self-Defense,\u201d Abril 25, 2005, Washington Post, http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2005\/04\/25\/AR2005042501553.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-38\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-39\">John Nichols, \u201cPaano Kinuha ni ALEC ang Florida&#039;s License to Kill&#039; Law National, The Nation, Marso 22, 2012, https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/how-alec-took-floridas-license-kill-law- pambansa\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-39\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-40\">Pambansang Kumperensya ng mga Lehislatura ng Estado, \u201cSelf Defense and &#039;Stand Your Ground,&#039;\u201d Marso 9, 2017, http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/civil-and-criminal-justice\/self-defense-and-stand- iyong-lupa.aspx\/. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-40\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li id=\"note-24-41\">Lisa W. Foderaro at Kristin Hussey, &quot;In Wake of Florida Massacre, Gun Control Advocates Look to Connecticut,&quot; NY Times, Peb. 17, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/02\/17\/nyregion\/ florida-shooting-parkland-gun-control-connecticut.html. <a href=\"https:\/\/takingonthenra.org\/#return-note-24-41\">\u21a9<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_add_component","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_add_component":null},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_work","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_work":{"heading":"Work","manually_curate":false,"work":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_resources","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_resources":{"heading":"Related Resources","button_text":"See all Related Resources","manually_curate":false,"resource":null}}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Power Shift: How People Can Take on the NRA Report - Common Cause<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/mapagkukunan-2\/power-shift-kung-paano-maaaring-gawin-ng-mga-tao-ang-nra-report\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Power Shift: How People Can Take on the NRA Report\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/tl\/mapagkukunan-2\/power-shift-kung-paano-maaaring-gawin-ng-mga-tao-ang-nra-report\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Common Cause\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CommonCause\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-13T23:51:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/CC-Share-Graphic-Main9.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CommonCause\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/resources\/power-shift-how-people-can-take-on-the-nra-report\/\",\"name\":\"Power Shift: How People Can Take on the NRA Report - 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