{"id":227,"date":"2022-03-31T19:25:33","date_gmt":"2022-03-31T19:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/nebraska\/articles\/once-upon-a-time-there-was-reason\/"},"modified":"2024-08-06T11:20:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T16:20:40","slug":"lich-su-tai-tro-chien-dich-cong-cong-o-nebraska","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/nebraska\/vi\/articles\/history-of-public-campaign-financing-in-nebraska\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u1edf Nebraska."},"template":"","class_list":["post-227","article","type-article","status-publish","hentry","article_type-blog-post"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"Once upon a time, Nebraska had a system to publicly fund legislative elections. That system made running for office more affordable but was overruled by the courts.","featured_image":"","article_type":169,"authors":"","related_issues":[92,412],"related_work":[305],"location":30},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":"","name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_wysiwyg":{"content":"<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u1edf Nebraska.<\/h2>\r\nB\u1edfi: Jack Gould\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">1985-1992<\/h3>\r\nT\u00f4i gia nh\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ec3u bang v\u00ec M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch Chung c\u1ee7a Nebraska v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, gi\u1eefa l\u00fac n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Bill Avery v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Ruth Thone \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau cho v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $100.000. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan s\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Avery v\u00e0 Thone \u0111\u1ec1u tin r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi c\u1eed tri Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tham gia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng Avery v\u00e0 Thone \u0111\u00e3 chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u01a1 quan L\u1eadp ph\u00e1p Dennis Baack, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Duane Acklie, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang Walt Radcliffe. C\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch l\u00e1ch lu\u1eadt gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p. Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chi ti\u00eau. Thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Li\u1ec7u ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chi ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng? Common Cause lu\u00f4n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed hay kh\u00f4ng? D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y v\u00ec lo ng\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, CFLA, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Baack b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/strong> - T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean tranh c\u1eed ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u bang s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 n\u00eau r\u00f5 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecd d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh chi cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">T\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/strong> - c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, khi ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 khi chi ti\u00eau th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang. (gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Trigger)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/strong> - t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n, \u1ee6y ban H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (PAC) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau. (H\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 $75.000. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 $37.500)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u0110\u00f4 la c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/strong> - C\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u00e0 $50.000. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp ti\u1ec3u bang t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n $1, t\u1ea1o ra trung b\u00ecnh $7.500 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb NADC th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nR\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p $50.000, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng. C\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 th\u00eam ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. N\u0103m 1992, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Baack \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt CFLA v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3>1998 - 2000<\/h3>\r\n\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1998, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ph\u00ed n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n tr\u1ec5 h\u1ea1n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau. Nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00ec bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong chu k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. CFLA \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u chi ti\u00eau \u1edf m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea7u c\u1eed s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 - $ 37.500<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c (Ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 Chung) - $75.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p - $37.500 - l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c.\r\n<h3>2000<\/h3>\r\nT\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed n\u0103m 1995, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Brashear \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra lu\u1eadt b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu CFLA v\u1edbi l\u00fd do lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn Nebraska tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t &quot;ti\u1ec3u bang l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu&quot;. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m Tu ch\u00ednh \u00e1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Common Cause v\u00e0 Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1eed tri n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Brashear v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p t\u1ecf ra mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho chi ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000, m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Randy Ferlic quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tranh c\u1eed v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nebraska. Ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ai chi qu\u00e1 $50.000 cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau do CFLA thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Rosemary Skrupa l\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ferlic kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1ebd chi $350.000 cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Regent Skrupa s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng $300.000 ngay khi chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ferlic v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $50.000. Ngay khi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ferlic, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng. Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y s\u1ebd chi h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. Anh \u1ea5y c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e9 xem b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1. Ferlic \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn ba tu\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n $50.000 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chi h\u1ebft $300.000 v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ferlic \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Regent Skrupa ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn $27.000, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. C\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ferlic l\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng CFLA nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Skrupa \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf.\r\n<h3>2002<\/h3>\r\nN\u0103m 2002, Regent \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m Nancy O&#039;Brien \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Howard Hawks ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Skrupa, O&#039;Brien \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Hawks \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c cao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c $400.000. O&#039;Brien ch\u1ec9 chi $106.910. Hawks \u0111\u00e3 chi $405.124 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa CFLA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u. N\u1ebfu O&#039;Brien tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u00e0 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $350.000 ngay khi Hawks chi h\u01a1n $50.000.\r\n<h3>2005<\/h3>\r\nN\u0103m 2005, David Hergert tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd ra tranh c\u1eed v\u1edbi Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m Don Blank. Blank \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n $50.000. Hergert kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi $150.000. Hergert \u0111\u00e3 chi $149.000 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed9p c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng cho Blank. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Beutler b\u00e0y t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Common Cause, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i Hergert l\u00ean \u1ee6y ban Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. Trong phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n k\u00edn, Hergert \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t $33.000. Sau khi n\u1ed9p ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea1t, Hergert \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng khai tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea1t, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Beutler v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Chambers \u0111\u1ec1u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i Hergert. Sau khi g\u1eb7p c\u1ea3 hai th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p Matt Schaefer, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng sinh vi\u00ean UNL, th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng sinh vi\u00ean UNL \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed r\u1eb1ng Hergert kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi Mary Beck li\u1ec7u b\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa c\u1ee7a UNL kh\u00f4ng. B\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0ng sau khi g\u1eb7p c\u1ea3 hai th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Beutler v\u00e0 Chambers, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ra b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. V\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 5 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3i nhi\u1ec7m Hergert. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u x\u00ed. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Brashear l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. Brashear \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Hergert v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a NADC. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00f4ng ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p trong cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i. Khi cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t mong manh, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t phi\u1ebfu. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Schrock \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean, \u00f4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean UNL kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb gian l\u1eadn ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Brashear \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m nh\u1ee5c Schrock b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a Hergert v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t phi\u00ean t\u00f2a s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra sau \u0111\u00f3. Phi\u00ean t\u00f2a lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Nebraska. Hergert c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng David Domina l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Unicameral. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ghi ch\u00fa n\u00e0o, Domina \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean t\u00f2a lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nebraska v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1800. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e3i nhi\u1ec7m Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh Hergert, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Domina ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 trong phi\u00ean t\u00f2a. T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Hergert v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-19908 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/nebraska\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Brashear-Cartoon-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"497\" height=\"356\" \/>\r\n\r\nH\u00e0nh vi l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Hergert trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn FBI ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd. N\u0103m 2009, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean bang \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i Hergert 18 t\u1ed9i danh gian l\u1eadn ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn CFLA. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao ba c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1ea1i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau l\u00e0 $50.000 \u0111\u00f4 la. Ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ai chi ti\u00eau qu\u00e1 $50.000 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 Ferlic \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u00e9 xem b\u00f3ng b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ba \u0111i\u1ec3m chung. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho qu\u1ef9 CFLA b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nebraska. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Brashear. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Brashear l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m ph\u00e1 thai. Brashear k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i CFLA v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p cho c\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ferlic v\u00e0 Hawks, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Hergert trong phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a NADC. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Hergert trong cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Brashear: 1) lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf CFLA v\u00e0 2) ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c. May m\u1eafn thay, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n li\u00ean bang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i Hergert \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i CFLA.\r\n<h3>2008 - 2011<\/h3>\r\nN\u0103m 2008, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Beutler \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u00eau v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed sinh ho\u1ea1t, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n khi chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed t\u0103ng l\u00ean. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf CFLA ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Adrian Smith, Philip Erdman v\u00e0 Scott Lautenbaugh. Common Cause v\u00e0 Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n C\u1eed tri N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00f3.\r\n<h3>2012<\/h3>\r\nN\u0103m 2010, Citizens United v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2011, Arizona Free Enterprise ki\u1ec7n FEC, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t CFLA. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. Trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. T\u1ed5ng ch\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00fd Bruning \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c CFLA. Theo lu\u1eadt Nebraska, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lu\u1eadt. Common Cause, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Dick Holland, \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba can thi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft CFLA \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. CFLA \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 vi hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012.\r\n<h3>Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a CFLA: 1996-2012<\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2012, h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c chi ti\u00eau cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $93.000.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 11 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $33.000.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2012, qu\u1ef9 CFLA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n $1.000.000.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1eabn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 CFLA b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 vi hi\u1ebfn.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 2018: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd do<\/h3>\r\nNh\u00ecn chung, 48 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 chi $6.489.464 \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0o 24 gh\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng $12.000 \u0111\u00f4 la\/n\u0103m.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>14 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n $100.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n $200.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3 \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n $300.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3 \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n $400.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 25 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 $100.000<\/li>\r\n \t<li>7 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n $50.000.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;"}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_add_component","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_add_component":null},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_work","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_work":{"heading":"Work","manually_curate":false,"work":null}},{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_related_articles","_acfe_flexible_toggle":"","component_related_articles":{"heading":"Updates","button_text":"See all Related Articles","manually_curate":false,"articles":null}}]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - 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