Energy companies serve up Washington's 'Black Gold' - lavish spending on lobbying and campaign contributions<\/p>
Pr\u00e8s de 1424 millions de livres sterling d\u00e9pens\u00e9s en lobbying, 1444 millions de livres sterling de contributions depuis janvier <\/p>
Alors que le S\u00e9nat \u00e9tudie une l\u00e9gislation climatique qui limiterait les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, le secteur de l\u2019\u00e9nergie d\u00e9pense sans compter en lobbying et en contributions de campagne pour lutter contre une telle proposition. Depuis le d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s p\u00e9troli\u00e8res et gazi\u00e8res et les compagnies d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ont d\u00e9pens\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 1424 millions de livres sterling pour faire du lobbying aupr\u00e8s du Congr\u00e8s et ont vers\u00e9 plus de 1444 millions de livres sterling en contributions de campagne aux membres du Congr\u00e8s, selon les donn\u00e9es du Center for Responsive Politics. <\/p>
\"The energy industry is betting millions that they can buy influence in Congress and protect their profits, even if it means blocking an important step towards clean, renewable energy and a healthier planet,\" said Common Cause President Bob Edgar. \"Tackling problems like global warming must start by ending the flow of Washington's 'Black Gold' of campaign contributions and lobbying cash to the most influential members of Congress from the very industries that this new law would affect.\"<\/p>
According to lobby disclosure reports, 34 energy companies registered in the first quarter of 2009 to lobby Congress around the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009. This group of companies spent a total of $23.7 million -- or $260,000 a day -- lobbying members of Congress in January, February and March. (Table 1 below lists companies that reported lobbying on the climate bill, HR 2454, and the amount they spent on lobbying during the first quarter.) <\/p>
Many of these same companies also made large contributions to the members of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, which has jurisdiction over the legislation and held a hearing this week on the proposed \"cap and trade\" system energy companies are fighting. Data shows oil and gas companies, mining companies and electric utilities combined have given more than $2 million just to the 19 members of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee since 2007, the start of the last full election cycle. <\/p>
Le s\u00e9nateur James Inhofe (R-OK) a re\u00e7u de loin le plus de contributions pour le secteur de l'\u00e9nergie, soit plus de 630 000 TP4T. Le s\u00e9nateur John Barrasso (R-WY) \u00e9tait le suivant, avec plus de 320 000 TP4T. (Le tableau 2 r\u00e9pertorie les contributions de campagne des industries du p\u00e9trole et du gaz, des mines et des services publics d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 aux membres du Comit\u00e9 s\u00e9natorial de l'environnement et des travaux publics depuis 2007). <\/p>
Tableau 1 : D\u00e9penses de lobbying des entreprises exer\u00e7ant des activit\u00e9s de lobbying sur HR 2454, 1er trimestre 2009<\/p>
Nom du client<\/p>
Montant d\u00e9clar\u00e9<\/p>
Institut d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 Edison<\/p>
$2,550,000<\/p>
Institut am\u00e9ricain du p\u00e9trole<\/p>
$1,810,000<\/p>
Puissance \u00e9lectrique am\u00e9ricaine<\/p>
$1,716,913<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Norfolk Southern<\/p>
$1,485,026<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s Koch du secteur public, LLC<\/p>
$1,480,000<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'\u00e9nergie Duke<\/p>
$1,282,770<\/p>
Groupe Constellation Energy<\/p>
$930,000<\/p>
Services Ameren<\/p>
$890,000<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de placements Peabody<\/p>
$820,000<\/p>
Ressources Flint Hills, LP<\/p>
$810,000<\/p>
Firstenergy Corp<\/p>
$740,000<\/p>
Energy Future Holdings (anciennement TXU Electric Delivery)<\/p>
$673,722<\/p>
Pacific Gas And Electric Company ( PG&E Corporation)<\/p>
$670,000<\/p>
Services d'Entreprise<\/p>
$660,000<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nucor<\/p>
$650,000<\/p>
Association nationale des fabricants d'\u00e9quipements \u00e9lectriques<\/p>
$590,000<\/p>
Association nationale de l'aviation d'affaires Inc.<\/p>
$580,000<\/p>
Xcel \u00c9nergie Inc.<\/p>
$570,000<\/p>
Domination<\/p>
$470,000<\/p>
DTE \u00c9nergie<\/p>
$465,254<\/p>
Association de l'\u00e9lectronique grand public<\/p>
$410,000<\/p>
Progr\u00e8s \u00c9nergie Inc.<\/p>
$380,000<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Eastman Kodak<\/p>
$350,000<\/p>
Association du ciment Portland<\/p>
$350,000<\/p>
Emerson<\/p>
$312,500<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de services publics du Nord-Est<\/p>
$310,000<\/p>
Pepco Holdings Inc<\/p>
$310,000<\/p>
\u00c9nergie du Puget Sound<\/p>
$270,000<\/p>
Teco \u00c9nergie Inc.<\/p>
$270,000<\/p>
Arche de charbon<\/p>
$240,000<\/p>
Rio Tinto Services Inc<\/p>
$237,000<\/p>
Portland General Electric<\/p>
$190,000<\/p>
Association am\u00e9ricaine de l'\u00e9nergie publique<\/p>
$123,810<\/p>
Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'\u00e9nergie Covanta<\/p>
$110,000<\/p>
Total<\/p>
$23,706,995<\/p>
Source : Bureau des archives publiques du S\u00e9nat (sopr.senate.gov) Remarque : Le montant refl\u00e8te les d\u00e9penses consacr\u00e9es \u00e0 toutes les activit\u00e9s de lobbying<\/p>
Tableau 2 : Dons de l'industrie \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique aux membres du Comit\u00e9 s\u00e9natorial de l'environnement et des travaux publics<\/p>
Membres du comit\u00e9<\/p>
Oil & Gas<\/p>
Exploitation mini\u00e8re<\/p>
Services publics d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9<\/p>
Total<\/p>
Cycle \u00e9lectoral de 2008<\/p>
2010<\/p>
cycle \u00e9lectoral<\/p>
2008<\/p>
cycle \u00e9lectoral<\/p>
2010<\/p>
cycle \u00e9lectoral<\/p>
2008<\/p>
cycle \u00e9lectoral<\/p>
2010<\/p>
cycle \u00e9lectoral<\/p>
Inhofe, James M (R-OK)<\/p>
$365,200<\/p>
$2,300<\/p>
$116,750<\/p>
$145,404<\/p>
$3,000<\/p>
$632,654<\/p>
Barrasso, John A (R-WY)<\/p>
$155,750<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$58,150<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$100,600<\/p>
$3,500<\/p>
$320,000<\/p>
Baucus, Max (D-MT)<\/p>
$96,100<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$25,800<\/p>
$170,942<\/p>
$2,000<\/p>
$295,842<\/p>
Voinovich, George V (R-OH)<\/p>
$39,997<\/p>
$52,500<\/p>
$164,010<\/p>
($30,300)<\/p>
$226,207<\/p>
Alexandre, Lamar (R-TN)<\/p>
$135,450<\/p>
$5,000<\/p>
$49,500<\/p>
$189,950<\/p>
Vitter, David (R-LA)<\/p>
$75,400<\/p>
$36,600<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
$22,500<\/p>
$19,499<\/p>
$156,499<\/p>
Lautenberg, Frank R (D\u00e9mocrate-New Jersey)<\/p>
$30,750<\/p>
$29,700<\/p>
$60,450<\/p>
Bond, Christopher (R-MO)<\/p>
$16,050<\/p>
$24,200<\/p>
$16,500<\/p>
$56,750<\/p>
Boxeuse, Barbara (D\u00e9mocrate-Californie)<\/p>
$1,700<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$250<\/p>
$35,950<\/p>
$12,250<\/p>
$51,150<\/p>
Spectre, Arlen (D-PA)<\/p>
$4,600<\/p>
$19,500<\/p>
$22,499<\/p>
$46,599<\/p>
Klobuchar, Amy (D\u00e9mocrate du Minnesota)<\/p>
$18,000<\/p>
$6,000<\/p>
$24,000<\/p>
Carper, Tom (D-DE)<\/p>
$5,000<\/p>
$1,240<\/p>
$3,720<\/p>
$1,620<\/p>
$11,580<\/p>
Gillibrand, Kirsten (D\u00e9mocrate-New York)<\/p>
$4,500<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$4,000<\/p>
$9,500<\/p>
Crapo, Mike (R-ID)<\/p>
$3,000<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$2,900<\/p>
$500<\/p>
$2,000<\/p>
$9,400<\/p>
Cardin, Ben (D-MD)<\/p>
$5,000<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$2,000<\/p>
$1,000<\/p>
$9,000<\/p>
Merkley, Jeff (D-Oregon)<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
Udall, Mark (D\u00e9mocrate-Colorado)<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
Whitehouse, Sheldon (D-RI)<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
$2,500<\/p>
Sanders, Bernie (Ind\u00e9pendant-Vermont)<\/p>
$0<\/p>
Total<\/p>
$929,397<\/p>
$53,240<\/p>
$288,800<\/p>
$21,750<\/p>
$761,826<\/p>
$52,068<\/p>
$2,107,081<\/p>
Source : Center for Responsive Politics (ww.opensecrets.org). Les contributions proviennent de PAC et de particuliers donnant $200 ou plus.<\/p>
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