{"id":13520,"date":"2014-10-07T19:40:00","date_gmt":"2014-10-07T19:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/articles\/interview-with-timothy-kuhner-part-1-free-market-democracy\/"},"modified":"2014-10-07T19:40:00","modified_gmt":"2014-10-07T19:40:00","slug":"entretien-avec-timothy-kuhner-partie-1-democratie-de-marche-libre","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/www.commoncause.org\/fr\/articles\/interview-with-timothy-kuhner-part-1-free-market-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Entretien avec Timothy Kuhner, 1\u00e8re partie : La d\u00e9mocratie de march\u00e9"},"template":"","class_list":["post-13520","article","type-article","status-publish","hentry","article_type-blog-post"],"acf":{"details":{"summary":"Dr. Timothy Kuhner stopped by the Common Cause office to speak with us about his new book, Capitalism vs. Democracy. In this part, we discuss how the Supreme Court has reshaped our political system to work like a free market -- and what that means for our democracy.","featured_image":null,"article_type":1103,"authors":["{\"site_id\":\"1\",\"post_type\":\"person\",\"post_id\":7858}"],"related_issues":false,"related_work":false,"location":null},"sidebar":{"helper_enable_sidebar":false,"helper_media_contact":{"heading":"Media Contact","manually_enter_person":false,"person":null,"name":"","role":"","phone":"","email":""},"helper_links_downloads":{"heading":"Links & Downloads","links":null}},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"

Le Dr Timothy Kuhner est pass\u00e9 au bureau de Common Cause pour parler de son nouveau livre, Capitalisme contre d\u00e9mocratie<\/a><\/strong>. In part 1, we discuss how the Supreme Court has reshaped our political system to function like a free market -- and what that means for our democracy.<\/em><\/p>


Cause commune : L\u2019id\u00e9al \u00ab une personne, une voix \u00bb est essentiel \u00e0 notre d\u00e9mocratie. Est-ce vraiment possible quand l\u2019argent peut acheter l\u2019influence politique ?<\/strong><\/p>

Timothy Kuhner : \u00ab Une personne, une voix \u00bb reste la r\u00e8gle, mais un \u00ab une personne, une voix \u00bb ne peut pas accomplir ce qu'il est cens\u00e9 faire. La th\u00e9orie d'une forme repr\u00e9sentative de gouvernement o\u00f9 les repr\u00e9sentants \u00e9lus sont \u00e0 l'\u00e9coute de leurs communaut\u00e9s g\u00e9ographiques a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9fut\u00e9e dans notre forme privatis\u00e9e de d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>

La Cour supr\u00eame a instaur\u00e9 cette forme de d\u00e9mocratie en d\u00e9clarant que l\u2019argent est un moyen d\u2019expression, que la d\u00e9mocratie est un march\u00e9 libre, que les entreprises sont des citoyens dot\u00e9s des droits du Premier Amendement, et en s\u2019opposant \u00e0 toutes les raisons de r\u00e9glementer l\u2019argent en politique, notamment l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 politique, l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique, l\u2019influence indue et la protection du temps des titulaires de fonctions publiques contre la collecte de fonds constante.<\/p>

Les sommes d\u2019argent colossales que nous voyons aujourd\u2019hui en politique rompent le lien entre les \u00e9lecteurs et leurs repr\u00e9sentants \u00e9lus. Ces sommes d\u00e9truisent la souverainet\u00e9 populaire, le consentement des gouvern\u00e9s et la repr\u00e9sentation significative de la population. A la place de ce syst\u00e8me, on obtient la souverainet\u00e9 du consommateur, o\u00f9 les \u00e9lus, les candidats et les partis politiques sont soumis aux plus gros donateurs et aux plus gros d\u00e9pensiers.<\/p>

CC : Vous appelez cela la \u00ab d\u00e9mocratie de march\u00e9 libre \u00bb \u2013 pourriez-vous d\u00e9velopper ce point ?<\/strong><\/p>

TK : La d\u00e9mocratie de march\u00e9 est le syst\u00e8me que nous connaissons aujourd'hui. C'est un syst\u00e8me dans lequel la comp\u00e9tition politique passe par un march\u00e9 constitu\u00e9 de dons aux partis, aux candidats et aux comit\u00e9s des partis, ainsi que de d\u00e9penses ext\u00e9rieures par des super PAC ou des groupes d'argent noir, ou par des individus comme Sheldon Adelson ou George Soros \u2013 quiconque souhaite diffuser une publicit\u00e9.<\/p>

La d\u00e9mocratie de march\u00e9 libre est un syst\u00e8me dans lequel tous ces signaux de prix concurrents se produisent sur un march\u00e9 et la comp\u00e9tition politique se d\u00e9roule gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des ressources financi\u00e8res priv\u00e9es. Le plus gros d\u00e9pensier ou donateur gagne-t-il toujours ? Non. Mais comme dans tout march\u00e9, vous ne pouvez participer que si vous avez un pouvoir de march\u00e9, et le vote est donc devenu un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum populaire sur les candidats dominants sur le march\u00e9.<\/p>

CC : Comment fonctionnent ces signaux de prix ?<\/strong><\/p>

TK : La capacit\u00e9 et la volont\u00e9 de payer sont vos crit\u00e8res de participation au march\u00e9 de consommation : pouvez-vous acheter cette voiture et \u00eates-vous pr\u00eat \u00e0 l\u2019acheter plut\u00f4t qu\u2019une autre ? La Cour supr\u00eame a interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 la Constitution, et en particulier le Premier amendement, pour appliquer ces m\u00eames r\u00e8gles \u00e0 la participation politique.<\/p>

Une fois que cette recette de march\u00e9 libre est en place, la capacit\u00e9 et la volont\u00e9 de d\u00e9penser ne peuvent pas \u00eatre diminu\u00e9es par la r\u00e9glementation gouvernementale, car c'est une forme de libert\u00e9 d'expression, et la participation \u00e0 ce march\u00e9 est sacrosainte.<\/p>

Sur le papier, ce plan semble \u00e9quitable : tous ceux qui sont en mesure ou d\u00e9sireux de d\u00e9penser peuvent le faire, et il n'y a aucune discrimination sur le papier quant \u00e0 ceux qui peuvent participer. Vous pouvez \u00eatre de n'importe quelle race, de n'importe quel sexe, de n'importe quelle religion, de n'importe quelle orientation sexuelle, mais il vaut mieux avoir l'argent, sinon vous ne pourrez pas envoyer les signaux de prix auxquels le march\u00e9 politique r\u00e9pond.<\/p>

Ce syst\u00e8me de march\u00e9 est cens\u00e9 \u00eatre, en th\u00e9orie, un syst\u00e8me sage et efficace, meilleur que le gouvernement, mais en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, c'est un syst\u00e8me qui exclut les pauvres, la classe moyenne et m\u00eame les \u00e9chelons inf\u00e9rieurs des riches - tout le monde sauf la classe des donateurs, qui ne repr\u00e9sente qu'une \u00e9lite de 0,5% ou moins de la population am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>

Le livre, <\/em>Capitalisme contre d\u00e9mocratie<\/a><\/strong>, est disponible sur Amazon. <\/em>Lire <\/strong>partie 2<\/strong><\/a> et <\/strong>partie 3<\/strong><\/a> de notre interview ici.
<\/em><\/p>

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