Instant Runoff Voting (IRV)

It's as easy as 1,2,3...

What is IRV?

 

Instant runoff voting (IRV) is a way of electing a single winner among a field of three or more candidates. Instead of allowing a candidate to win a race without the majority of the votes.

 


How does IRV work?

Click below to watch a video demonstration.


 


Or click here to try an interactive demonstration based on the 2000 Presidential election in Florida.

 

IRV requires voters to vote for every candidate by ranking them (1,2,3, etc.). If no candidate recieves a majority of the vote, the candidate with the lowest number of votes is removed and the ballots are recounted. This process continues until a single candidate secures a majority of support.

 


Are there hurdles to implementation?

 

The older voting equipment made IRV a long, tiring process but with the new modern voting equipment and abundance of political parties and candidates, IRV is becoming much easier to implement.

 


Why support IRV?

  • IRV encourages positive issue-based campaigns. Negative campaigning would be significantly reduced because candidates will know that they may have to obtain the second and third choice votes of voters supporting other candidates in order to be elected.

  • IRV allows more third party candidates to be on the ballot because people will not be “wasting” their vote instead their second and third place votes will be counted eventually as well.

  • IRV saves money because the runoffs that are usually held after the initial voting day are all taken care of on Election Day.

  • IRV decreases the number of people splitting their votes for different, yet similar candidates thus allowing one to win with only a minority of the vote.

  • More voters will be encouraged to go to the polls to vote because each and every vote matters (if your first choice candidate is defeated, your second choice candidates vote will count in the second round).


Where has it worked?

IRV is currently being used in Ireland for its presidential election, Australia to elect its House of Representatives, and the American Political Science Association to elect its president. In Cambride, MA they use a variant of IRV to elect their city council, and many other companies and student governments utilize IRV for their election processes.

 

What's being done in Massachusetts?

In recommending changes to city government, Somerville’s Charter Advisory Committee is reviewing a proposal to use IRV for local elections. If you are a Somerville resident, click here to e-mail the committee and ask them to recommend IRV.